Community Operating Institutional Analysis

As the urban Basic unit, community's movement condition directly related to the welfare of urban residents, directly reflect the government's social management capacity and have a direct impact on the building of grassroots democracy. Since the 1970s, the first new public management movement emerged in Western countries, and spreads over the whole world rapidly. New Public Management criticizes the malpractice which exists to the traditional bureaucrat government, such as the proliferation of bureaucracy, the high cost and low efficiency, and calls for establishing a customer-oriented government, results-oriented government, a competitive government and so on, a series of new ideas on Reinventing Government. In the 1990s, the governance theory emerged and swept across the world rapidly. The governance theory emphasized the government and the market, society's cooperation, and advocated cooperation through the multi-main bodies equally in order to realize good governance. Under the governance theory's instruction, plenty of countries have carried out the positive government practice, and community management autonomy as an important component of the practice receives universal attention, by the world.In the 1990s, China started the practice of community building, on the one hand, it is a response to the international new public management theory and the governance theory tide; even more , it is the response to our country's more than 30 years economical political system reform, and it is a symbol of urban residents democratic consciousness. After more than 10 years of reform, our country community construction has yielded lots of theory results. However, because of China's practice of building communities is still short e, in such a short period of time it is impossible to form a complete theory of community building. The research about community often conflicts, lack of theoretical guidance and also lack the courage to construct system community operating theory.Institutional Analysis and development framework is a general framework. It emphasizes how the rules, the natural and material conditions and the community attribute affect the motion stage structure, the individual facing the drive and its finally delivers. This article attempts to analyze our country community movement using the institutional analysis and development framework, through analyzing the community operating stage, the community operating situation, the community operating actor , as well as systemic and detailed theoretical analysis to expand the scope of the application development framework, but also provide for our community operating system theoretical guidance.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the article divides into three parts: The first part is the basic concept analysis, community, urban community, institution, institutional analysis, institutional analysis and development of these basic concepts to the interpretation of the article started to provide a conceptual framework. In addition, in the first part of the final, we give Professor Ostrom's institutional analysis and development framework; The second part is in the community movement stage frame analysis, that is through limits community movement stage this basic variable, and through limits influencecommunity movement stage this variable two structure variables——communitymovement situation, community movement actor, thus carries on the community movement stage as the independent variable the analysis; The third part is outside the community movement stage frame analysis, that is takes the community movement stage the dependent variable, ad through the analysis three exterior variables which affects thisvariable——communities movement rule, the world condition attribute, the communityattribute, thus makes to the community movement stage comprehensively systematically analyzes.