The Research Of The Three Minorities' Space Structure Of Population In Inner Mongolia

Nowadays there are more than 2000 nationalities in the world, which include some ones whose population is more than several one million even up to billion and some only several thousand or even less. For some minorities, they have many special significations in the field of anthropology, demography, sociology and geography. In the condition of contemporary socio-economic, how to deal with the underpopulated minorities'survival and development has become an important topic; one of the indispensable parts of geographical researches is the problem of their population. The three minorities in Inner Mongolia refer to Ewenki, Oroqen and Daur. The paper's research area is about the district where the three minorities are distributed relatively concentrated. The districts are Oroqen autonomous banner, Ewenki autonomous banner and Dour autonomous banner. The paper's theory is based on human geography, demology and sociology and so on; its data resources come from the census of Inner Mongolia, the census of the three autonomous banners and statistical almanac and other related fieldwork; the research method is combining the systems analysis with field survey and combining ration with qualitative analysis. At the same time, from the point of view of the territorial, all-around and dynamic character, the paper also offers the structure characteristics of the three minorities'population in three autonomous banners in the following aspects: culture diathesis, age structure, gender proportion, occupation structure and marriage. It also analyses their spatial character of population to the way of population's diversity and dimensional alteration. And it also gives analysis of influence factors according to the research result. The result shows as follows:1. The three minorities'structure character of populationDaur's population gender proportion is relatively balanced; Ewenki and Oroqen's are relatively lower. Then from the view of age structure, the three minorities'all belong to manhood modality. Daur and Ewenki have high population proportion in the first industry while Oroqen has high proportion in the third industry. The proportion of the second industry in the three minorities is well situated. The minorities in the three autonomous banners all receive lower education and only a few of them got upper level college education. Most of them only received elementary education. All of these show that education structure is very unreasonable in these areas.The three minorities all have a lower divorce rate and they have relatively steady family relation.2. The three minorities'spatial character of populationFirstly, according to calculating the population density, the minorities in the three autonomous banners have special characters in population distributing. That is"distributing in large area and gathering in small district". Secondly, after analyzing their spatial alteration, it shows that the three minorities in the three autonomous banners have a low immigrant rate; only a few young and strong masculine go out for work; most of them graduate from junior high school.3. The influence factors analysis of the three minorities'spatial character of population(1) Analyze the influence of the three minorities'structure factor of population. What influences the three minorities'gender structure is as follows: traditional generational concept of males are not better than females, newly-born baby's gender proportion and age structure of population. The factors affect the three minorities'age structure: the population policy which encourages to procreate more; the death rate of the newly-born baby is decreasing and the average age of them is shorter, which make the age of three minorities younger than Han. The factors affect the three minorities'structure of employment: the policy which forbids hunting results in lower proportion in first industry. The reason why the proportion in the first industry of Owenki and Daur is relatively high is that the two minorities were engaged in farming earlier and mastered more advanced agricultural skills than Oroqen; that the industry in the three banners are underdeveloped leads to lower employment rate in the second industry. The factors affect the three minorities'the culture diathesis is influenced by the policy. The factors affect the three minorities'marriage: gender proportion of population, age structure and culture diathesis.(2)The factors affect the three minorities'spatial character of population: the natural entironment is the main reason which leads to population's swarming; historical reason leads to that the three minorities have fewer immigrants; economic reason is the main one why the population of the three minorities in three autonomous banners distribute unbalanced.