The Transformation Of Graduates' Employment System Since 1949 And The Change Of Mentality About Employment

The employment of college graduates is a necessary part of the distribution of human resource for the whole community.During the planned economy system period, the demand for college graduates was far greater than the supply due to the great need of state economic construction;and now,they find employment on their own initiative and they need to compete in the human resources market with the shift from the planned economy to the socialist market economy.However,along with the population of college graduates is on the rise substantially,the employment is increasingly competitive,which not only has a bearing on the social stability,but also affects the development of higher education.Since 1990s,the problem of the employment of college graduates has been a hotspot of research.Since the founding of the People's Republic,the graduates' employment system goes through three stages of development:unified job assignment,two-way selection employment within limits,and self-employment under two-way selection.During the planned economy system period,everything about college students,including enrollment and cultivation,went according to the government's plans.Even the employment of college graduates is under control of government's distribution plans. With progress in the reform,opening-up and development of a socialist market economy since 1980s, however,the government began to shift power to the college,which safeguarded the employees' right to select jobs and the employers' right to select employees within certain premises.In the late twentieth century the government went further to promote the market-oriented employment mechanism and encourage two-way selection employment between graduates and employers.Along with the transformation of employment system,graduates have accordingly changed their mentality about employment.From the founding of the People's Republic to "Cultural Revolution",they were encouraged to establish occupational values of devotion to society.They would keep the overall interests of the country in mind and they had no choice but to accept the organizational distribution arrangements.During the "Cultural Revolution", a political atmosphere overhung the entire society.Even the graduates' employment was fraught with social and political overtone.But since the adoption of reform and opening policies,people have assumed new ideas and concept of values fundamentally.Young graduates are also more competitive, independent and pragmatic in finding jobs than ever and there is a trend of diversification and complication in their mentality about employment.In conclusion,the graduates' employment system and their values of career not only have close relation with social,political and economic conditions,but also are the reflection of the requirements of development of every age.They do change with the time.