The Village's Integration And Development

This paper is based on the field investigation and the literature file. It is of narrative style and through the three aspects of country, village and villagers, it takes Xigou Village as the research case and takes the practice process in the basic unit of the mutual aid and cooperation movement as the study object, presenting comprehensively once again the reality of the social change in Xigou Village from 1943 to 1958.The collectivization is the time which cannot be surmounted. In recent years, the collectivization of agriculture already became the hot pot of the academic world's concern. However, a new type of cooperation appeared in the vast countryside, especially after the implementation of Farmers Specialized Cooperative Economy Organization Law, more new rural cooperative and economic organizations sprung up. Therefore, it is part of the significance of this article about how to learn from history and draw a lesson from the past mutual aid and cooperative movement to carry out the current construction of new villages; besides, the examination of the practice process of mutual aid and cooperative movement in Xigou Village emphasized the deep interactive relations among the country, the society and the individual.This paper involved three parts. The first part is an introduction, mainly presenting the reasons of selecting this topic, the review of learning history, the process of field examination, the research technique and the data source. The second part (Chapter Two, Three and Four) is the main body part. Chapter Two analyzed Xigou society in the period of mutual aid group. First, it made analysis of the founding background of the mutual aid group, mainly the following three aspects: the natural ecological environment of Xigou, the social environment and the living conditions of villagers. It can be said that the mutual aid group is set up in the condition of poverty and difficulties. By taking the way of organizing, the basic living problems of the villagers in Xigou were finally solved. Following closely, the three major historical events---land reform, production technology revolution, the patriotic harvest movement in the mutual aid group period were presented and analyzed, reproducing the changes of Xigou Village in that historical period, the nation's call for the local governments' selection and the villagers' self adjustment and adaptation process. The third chapter analyzed the social practice and conformity process of Xigou Village in the period of elementary agricultural producers' cooperative. First, it analyzed the establishing process of Li Shunda's elementary agricultural producers' cooperative, pointing out that Li Shunda's cooperative, although started late---not one of the ten earliest cooperatives, its production achievement was actually outstanding then. Especially after the 15-year long-term planning formulation was formulated, Xigou has a much clearer development direction and the members of the cooperative showed even more enthusiasm and initiative. Second, it analyzed a series of struggles in Xigou village in the period of elementary agricultural producers' cooperative, mainly including the fight between joining and quitting the cooperative, equal pay for equal work between males and females and the fight of managing a big cooperative versus managing small societies by splitting the big one. Through analysis of the struggles, it showed the interactive process between country and villages. Finally, it analyzed the production achievements of the elementary agricultural producers' cooperative in the two aspects of economic structure and grain yield. The fourth chapter carried out analysis of the policy promotion of village cooperation and practice, mainly from the following three aspects: the reckless advances of cooperative policy, the practice of the advanced cooperative in village and the acute natural disaster it faced. The content of the three chapters highlighted function of the mainstream ideology, the intervene of state power and the village society's self-adjustment and adaptation, reproducing the difficult exploring process of people in Xigou in the mutual aid cooperative movement. The third part is conclusion, explaining the relations of the individual, the village and the nation, the production process and the motion that organized the villagers in Xigou, meanwhile, it made brief comment and analysis of the farmers' egalitarianism thought as well as the collectivization of agriculture.To sum up, this paper, by narrative analysis, specified the different practice processes of Xigou Village in the three periods of mutual aid group, elementary agricultural producers' cooperative and the advanced cooperative and reproduced the generation logic of the deep relationships among individual, society and nation in the local society.