Process Research Of Labor Immigrants' Adaption To City

Since the 1980's, with the reform and opening up,industrialization and urbanization, a large number of surplus rural labors swarmed into cities, forming large groups of peasant workers and then pesant workers increasingly become the major component of industrial workers and the major power of urban construction. With the accelerated urbanization process, peasant workers group was divided and stratified. Some peasant workers have already settled in the city or startd the process of settling,becoming "labor immigrants",while the majority of peasant workers still frequently commute from urban to rural areas and see rural life as destination. There are many impediments to labor immigrants'adaption to city.It is not conducive to the stability of rural surplus labor transfer and the urbanization process at macro level and not conducive to the development of individual labor immigrant and the stability of labor immigrants'family life at micro level. Research on the process of labor immigrants' adaptation to city and factors affecting this process is significant to improve the labor immigrants' ability to adapt to city and accelerate their integration into city. Besides that it provides an important reference for the government to improve the related household registration system, social security system, basic education system and social management system.In this paper, literature research and case study are combined to to study labor immigrants in Jinan City. The results show that:From entering the city to finally settlement is also the process of continuously improving the level of labor immigrants' adaption to city. The process of labor immigrants' adaptation to city is a linear process,and the high-level adaption is based on the low-level adaptation. At the stage of entering the city and completing the survival adaptation, labor immigrants'job and residence is isolated; after survival adaptation, as the rise of occupational status and expansion of social interaction, the subjective and objective conditions of settling in the city is created,and the labor immigrants complete a higher level of social adaptation at the stage.After settling in the city,the labor immigrants face the difficulties of group identity,psychological adjustment and they lack a sense of belonging. During the period of labor immigrants' adaptation, systematic and structural factors at macro level, social network factors at medium level and human capital factors at micro level play an important role.