Niche-based Theoretical Approaches To Evaluate University Scientific And Technological Innovation Capacity

Evaluation of scientific and technological innovation of universities is an important means of technology management, It can promote greater emphasis on scientific and technological innovation of various universities, while strengthening the effective management and guidance of scientific and technological innovation. Evaluation has important practical significance to the universities to develop and deepen the scientific and technological innovation. Chongqing is located in the southwest region of China, the development of its scientific and technological innovation capability has an important influence on the economic and social development in the southwest of China. Researching on scientific and technological innovation of universities in Chongqing, It has a strong practice and guidance significance on promoting scientific and technological innovation in Chongqing universities, and it is beneficial to Chongqing universities to better service to local economic and social development. The paper analyzes in depth the scientific and technological innovation capacity of Chongqing universities by empirical analysis, and takes the niche theory in Ecology into evaluation system, and makes some breakthrough in evaluation methodologies, it opens a new way for the evaluation in the future. The paper analyzes in depth and detailed the scientific and technological innovation capacity of Chongqing universities through a large number of data, on this basis, the paper made a quantitative analysis and comparison between Chongqing universities and universities in other parts of the western region, as well as universities in Chongqing from four aspects of scientific and technological innovation including base capability, input capacity, output capacity and conversion capacity, and draw the following conclusions:First, through constructing the evaluation indicators system, the niche theory is introduced into the evaluation system of scientific and technological innovation of universities. Niche theory provides a new fantastic view to research on science and technology innovation of universities. This method not only can make the local analysis but also can make the global analysis, at the same time, it can be combined with other research methods to compare and analyze all aspects of scientific and technological innovation of Chongqing universities, in order to finding out advantages and disadvantages of Chongqing universities in scientific and technological innovation. But in the application process of the method we found insufficient:The choice of evaluation index is very restricted, duing to certain factors do not have the common evaluation does not become. Meanwhile, in determining the index weight, there are certain subjective factors, still need further improvement.Second, the paper systematically analyzed the status of Chongqing universities in scientific and technological innovation. Through analysis of 11 years of Chongqing universities statistical data, we find out the Chongqing universities'achievements and shortcomings in capacity-building of scientific and technological innovation. Through comparison and analysis Chongqing universities and universities in other parts of the western region, we point out the position of Chongqing universities in the western region, and the confronted situation and problems of Chongqing universities in scientific and technological innovation. Through positive analysis scientific and technological innovation of eight Chongqing universities which have the ability to train graduate students, we find out the advantages and disadvantages of universities in Chongqing, it will help the university to further understand the situation and define tasks, to enhancing their technological innovation.Based on above analysis, this paper put forward the following strategies and recommendations:First, we must implement the "talent strong school" strategy to improve the quality of scientific and technological innovation. Second, we must strengthen scientific and technological innovation bases of universities, to create a favorable environment for scientific and technological innovation. Third, we must optimize innovation resources of universities to improve allocative efficiency. Fourth, we must strengthen cooperation among industry,university and research, to promote the translation of scientific and technological advances of universities into productive force.