A Study Of Mao Qi - Ling 's "Spring And Autumn Mao' S Biography"

Mao Qiling is famous scribes, writer, historian during the late Ming and early Qing periods. He is talented, flooded the penetration of book knowledge, profound and thorough, remarkable achievement. At that time his learning is unparalleled. After his death, his writings were drawn up Xihe Collection by his disciples. There are28kinds of Mao Qiling’s writings in the Si Ku Quan Shu, and35kinds of "CunMu". Both of them are63species. Mao Qingling’s writings are the most included by the Si Ku Quan Shu. He is called "rich in his writing in the modern times" in the superorder. His learning is inherited from Yangming’s Science and followed by the Qianjia School. His learning guides the atmosphere of early Qing period to some extent. Mao Qiling is bad temper and looking down upon others in his old age. His personality defect has bad influence on his scholarship. There are a lot of comments on him. As a result that only a few people interested in his achievements except his disciples. Even to the extent that people concluded his achievements with his personality.Mao Qiling’s Chun Qiu is rich in writings and appropriate in method. The Chun Qiu has its own system. It leaded transformation of the academic atmosphere in the early Qing period. Because his method of practical and textual, his attitude of doubt and reasonable, his disciples changed the study style of Song Dynasty. They all devoted themselves to revival of the Sinology. They promoted ethos connoted and paid attention to textual research. As began to advocate the Sinology, Mao Qiling was against empty word and any chest. He advocated the remarks must be through evidence. He paid attention to the textual research on historical facts and collating. He also advocated the scripture. He pursued empirical and objective scripture. The elucidating of the Confucian classics argumentation tended to be more objective and equitable. To some extent, it promoted" the scholarship atmosphere changing from emptiness in Song and Ming periods to practical learning in the early Qing period. On the basis of the theory, Mao Qiling elucidated the scripture in objective and fair way. He also put forward a lot of innovative ideas. It promoted further development of Chun Qiu. People in the imperial library evaluated Mao Qiling that "his books did not lose equitable meanings. The examples also proved by the evidence. Since Wu Cheng’s Zuan Yan, nothing could be compared with Chun Qiu. Chun Qiu as an object is studied in this article. We hope that it can be explored different understandings on the scripture by Mao Qiling. And we make effort to completely know the study on Chun Qiu, especially for the study on it during the early Qing period. So it has very important academic value to study on Mao Qiling’s Chun Qiu.Mao Qiling’s Chun Qiu is studied. And on the basis of the research findings of predecessors, it is more systematic and comprehensive studied on. The academic ideas are concluded. There are six chapters in this article.In the first chapter, Mao Qiling’s academic futures and origin are analyzed through studying on his academic stages, keeping company and personal features.In the second chapter, the background of this book is studied through general situation of nation and culture in the early Qing Dynasty, transformation of Chun Qiu Science and academic origin and system of Mao Qiling’s Chun Qiu.In the third chapter, the entire cognition of the Spring and Autumn Annals of Mao to the Spring and Autumn Annals, the relations of Confucius and the Spring and Autumn Annals, distinguishing the relations of classics by Jian Shu or Ce Shu, the relations of scriptures of the Spring and Autumn Annals, stressing on Zuo Zhuan and despising the Gong Yang and Gu Liang, thoughts of valuing Han and despising Song, criticism on Hu Anguo Zhuan and refuting traditional theory are studied on.In the fourth chapter, explaining method of Mao’s Chun Qiu is studied on. On the basis of criticizing traditional semantic cases of the Spring and Autumn Annals, Mao Qiling put forward his new theory of his Chun Qiu. It is so-called four precedents, the Li, Shi, Wen and Yi The Spring and Autumn Annals is explained through the four precedents. Besides, Mao Qiling held the esteem and practised textual and practical method in his Chun Qiu.In the fifth chapter, the brainwashing of the Mao’s Chun Qiu is summarized in four aspects of meaning of especting, being offical priciples, way of Qin Qin and international standards.In the sixth chapter, the influence on the later time and the comments of people to Mao Qiling’s the Spring and Autumn Annals, the evaluations of Mao Qiling and his theory by people, achievement and insufficient of the Spring and Autumn Annals and inherited by his disciples of his Chun Qiu theory are included.