A Study Of Pusi 's Governing And Administration In The Period Of The Republic Of China (1912-1928)

The Administrative General Bureau of PuSi Borderland found in1913that it is the first formal officer bureau until PuSi Borderland belong to central. The commissioner Ke Shuxun, guided officials of borderland Worked hard together, developed this zone and made a series of reforms followed ’Article12of the govern borderland’,’The articles of association of the13’,’Restructuring measures’.These reforms including politics, economy and culture, diplomacy, social customs, education, judicial and so on. Reforms bring factors of Politics, economy and culture different from Pusi traditional to borderland and set off the wave of modernization. In this paper state plans of Ke Shuxun govern the borderland at first, by comparing the historical data, to clarify the origin of the ’Article12of the govern borderland’,correct ’Literature and history data and selected of BanNa’ and compare the similarities and differences of’Article12of the govern borderland,’’The articles of association of the13’,’All regions of officers and headman formulate work rules’. Then that part of the reform. Financial reform point, borderland exchange Copper coin, silver to The Mint of Kun Ming build CheLi branch. Bank of Fudian Bank issuing notes add borderland economy to economic circle of Yunnan province. In the aspect of judicial reform, bureau chief richard judicial includes:implementation of the law, adopt a new word form paper and judgement, select the law enforcement personnel, set new courts and prisons. But due to the mighty flow of customary law habitual, the lack of the professional judicial personnel and so on judicial reform of borderland in the troubled. Reform is a two-way interactive process, look from response of the headman, although they cooperate with officer in some way, but also use borderland miasma serious cause casualties, culture and language differences between local and Han ethnic group, even the armed rebellion against reform.Look from the response of local, presented to resist, discontent, or to accept reform.Even so, PuSi borderland’s reform got a lot of progress in the Republic China. So, we should make an objective appraisal of formal officers who worked in the bad natural environment and complicated social situation. In the1930s, Yunnan province haven’t the complete management regulations about formal officers. We only found newspaper and archives and other bits of information comb the situation replacement about a part of formal officers.Making some tables instructed every bureau personal planning and replacement in the period of General Bureau of appointment, on-the-job management, training, rewards and punishments,pension knew some informations about how they work at this period. And sum up the main points of formal officers: simple authorized strength, special job, set a number of functions into one. PuSi Borderland’s process of modernization called ’Along the land border type of modernization that it is different from ’coastal type’,’the central type and’mainland type’ has a distinct era and local characteristics. It is the power can not be ignored in the process of Chinese modernization.