The Studies On Efficiency And Economic Benefits Of China's Railway Transport

From 2006, the efficiency of China's railway transport is ahead of other countries in the word. China's railway mileage occupied 6% of the word's, which completed 25% workload of the world's railways. Volume of passenger transportation, quantity of goods sent, transport density, total conversion turnover, and other major targets all are first in the word. In contrast, the economic benefit of China's railway transportation industry is very low, far behind other countries. Railway is the country's very important infrastructure, which plays an important role in the integrated transport system. Since the economic reform and opening, China's railway transport has developed rapidly, but there are still some things can't meet the needs of the national economic and social development. Both passenger and freight transport's efficiency of China's railway are all very high in the world, but the economic benefit is the opposite. This paper will be focus on the industrial economics and economics of regulation to research the paradox that rail transport for high efficiency and low economic benefit. Thereby, it expands the research and exploration, trying to seek a good way to resolve this contradiction.In the next part, this paper collects a large number of information about domestic and international rail transportation efficiency and economic benefits. It adopts comparative analysis and synthesis approach for comparing the data with the scientific in-depth analysis. Firstly, the paper shows the current situation of China's railway transportation. Through observing the efficiency and economic benefit situation in recent years, we can know that the strength of China's railway transportation efficiency is the highest in the world, but the railway's economic indicators have continued to decline, even loss.Then the paper use chart data to compare the efficiency and economic benefit with other countries abroad in rail transport industry. The results show that China's railway transport in the world far behind other countries in efficiency and economic benefit. The efficient transportation and low economic problems remain. In order to further clarify the position of China's railway in the domestic transport market, this paper will also compare respectively with other domestic modes of transport with efficiency and economic issues. By comparison, China's railway in the domestic transport industry is also high efficiency, low economic returns.The paper analyzes the efficiency and economics benefit of domestic and international rail transport. After that it indicates the main reasons affecting high efficiency and low economic benefit are:low price level of China's railway, railway transport enterprises to take the high accumulated debt nonprofit transportation and rail transportation the efficiency of internal management turmoil that low levels. In the text, for resolving these issues affecting the economic benefits, there it puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, such as the release rate regulation, subsidies for public service transport, to improve the internal management mechanism, strengthen the road network construction.Innovation of this paper is that the methods are different from previous empirical analysis the researchers used. It mainly uses the comparative analysis and synthesis methods, to compare the foreign rail transport efficiency and economic efficiency of domestic transport industry data. According to the analysis of the data, I summarize the railway transportation problems in China. In terms of countermeasures, there also put forward my own ideas:to relax price controls, subsidies for public service transportation, strengthening internal management and road network construction, especially road network construction. That increase the road network construction, high-speed rail, passenger line opening can be effectively address the passenger tickets and travel difficult problem, to meet the growing travel demand and potential demand.The downside is that, due to data collection constraints, only the analysis of developed countries of foreign railway data, and it only from the point of view of the low economic benefit of China's railway transportation problems, not in-depth analysis for high efficiency, and it needs to be further study.