A Balanced Development Study Of Urbanization And Protection Of Farmland

Since the reform and opening up-policy has been put into effect, China has been having a rapid economic growth, and a rapid urbanization, as well. The expansion of cities is so tremendous that there is not a little need of more land used for building, which is becoming less and less. So we turn to the farmland, to make whom be used for building instead of cultivating, to support urban development. The peasants begin to enter the city, and the number of non-agriculture is increasing. The new citizens have an increasing demand of the social security, employment opportunities, residential land and matching facilities. The farmland no longer puts a part in the role of farming. But by now, China is so lack of farmland resources that the 18 million mu of land is difficult to maintain within the red line, if some of the farmland lose their original function. There will certainly be a conflict between urban sprawl and farmland protection.In the process of urbanization, foreign countries pay great attention to protect farmland, such Canada, England, Japan and Korea, each has their own policies and measures to protect farmland. The cultivated land protection consciousness is very strong, too.While in China, from the land reform, agricultural cooperation and family contract system until now, farmland policy has been enacted to protect the interests of farmers, which is suited to our national situation. After implementing the minimum wage guarantee system for rural residents, the possibilities of rural house site conversion are increasing obviously.The volatility of Chinese farmland conversion coincides to the economic develop periods. When the economic develops fast, the demand of farmland conversion will increase.Drive strengths of the expansion of cities are complex. Some for natural geographic factors, such as the terrain, the bearing capacity, water quality, soil and so on, affect the potential, direction, speed, patterns and space structure of the expansion of cities. In flat areas, cities expanses like making shells, the index of compactness is high, there is likely to be a project efficiency, while easy to birth a series of problems such as "city-sickness". Or, they may develop along the main axis of the traffic extends, sine the transport hubs for the region tend are closely linked with the outside world, which develop fast enough. With the help of economies of scale and project efficiency, cities are certainly to expansion along the main axis of the traffic extends. While some cities are impeded by the terrain, they make a salutatory development, keeping a certain distance with the center. Then, the satellite towns come out. For the others, they move on without a guide of programming, the land market is out of control, and there is an abuse of land extend, the land use is of non-efficiency.Their own demand, as well as the strengths from outside propels the land conversion to move on smoothly. But some local governments encourage land conversion just because of their own interests, which leads to an idle of too much farmland that is conversed. High-quality farmland is conversed to construction land, which is a low-efficiency of land configuration, affects the social security and sustainable development of agriculture.To analysis GDP of the past years of Jiangsu Province, the growth of construction land, the population of non-agricultural, and the change of farmland, I can make a conclusion that, Economic growth is relevant to population growth and construction sites demand. Abundant non-agricultures enter into the cities, and there is a challenge for cities to hold more population. City greening, employment, social security and medical care, and all supporting facilities, educations as well, appeal to develop, which means a great demand of construction sites, so land conversion is universality in Jiangsu Province.Through the land demand forecast of future new-increased construction sites, the maintain of farmland and population in the near future, then use the formula to calculate the rationality of city-expansion of jiangsu province. Then enlarges to the whole country, and comes to reasonable advices of economic development, and efficiency of land conversion, and how to protect the cultivated land within the red line to shake the policy recommendations.