The Research For The Development Of Modern Agricultural In Western Developed Country

Modern agriculture development is the foundation of socialism new rural reconstruction, is the key point of advancing our country's comprehensive modern development, realizing the standpoint which the grain development and the farmer gain in. How to carry on the modern agriculture development of China, is not only the significant theory question, but also the significant practice question. This paper attempts to summarize the general rule of modern agriculture development with in the Western economist's theory research and the concrete practice of Western developed country modern agriculture development, used to speeding up our country's modern agriculture development. The full text is divided five parts:The first part, elaborated the modern agriculture connotation and the basic characteristic,introduced Shu Er zi, Merer, fast Shui Youci the court attendant, Western economists and so on Fei Nong·Ruttan believed to the modern agriculture fundamental research take Shu Erzi as representative's development economist, the agriculture modernization is the developing nation development economy important way.The modern agriculture basic connotation may make the following summary: The modern agriculture is take safeguards the agricultural product supplies, the farmer continues to additionally receive, to promote the sustainable development as a goal, uses the modern physical conditions equipment agriculture, with the modern science and technology transformation agriculture, with the modern industry system promotion agriculture, with the modern management form advancement agriculture, eagerly anticipates the agriculture with the modern development idea, develops the agriculture with the trained new peasant is the support, enhances the farmland irrigation, the mechanization and the information level, enhances land yield rate, resources use factor and the agriculture labor productivity, improves the agricultural quality, the benefit and the competitive power is the way, by in the household undertaking management foundation, under the combined action which the market mechanism and the government regulate, the agriculture, industry and trade close engagement, produces Canada to sell Merges into one organic whole, multiplex industrial shape and multi-purpose industrial system. The modern agriculture basic characteristic summarizes is: The modern agriculture is technical support agriculture, realm of production broad agriculture, element of production investment intensive type agriculture, the resources disposition marketability high productivity and the high benefit agriculture, the industrial management integration industry.The traditional agriculture is extremely effective in the resources disposition, but is not the fountainhead which the economy grows, must perform the modernization. Hereafter many developments the scientist to believe that, the majority developing nation future to a great extent will decide in the agricultural situation. Merer according to the agricultural technology nature, divides the traditional agriculture to the modern agriculture transformation into the technology lag phase, the labor-intensive form technology advancement stage and the capital intensity technology advancement stage, the first stage for the traditional agriculture stage, the second stage is the traditional agriculture to the modern agriculture transitional stage, the third stage is the agriculture modernization stage. The agricultural development should avoid as far as possible, has the substitution work nature capital investment which uses and the industrial development competes, but uses the investment which and the labor force supplemented mutually. Not only the complement investment has material essential factor, moreover also has the establishment agriculture development facility, the establishment agricultural production service system and to educates the investment and so on the non-material essential factor. According to the developed country (mainly is US and Japan) the historical experience, fast Shui Youci Lang HeFei Nong·Ruttan cooperated advanced the induction technological innovation theory. They believe modern agriculture development dependence agriculture productivity continually growth, but the productivity growth is decided by the modern agricultural technology unceasing progress. The agricultural technology progress performance is two forms: One, replaces the work primarily mechanical technology advancement, two is by replaces the land primarily biochemistry technology advancement. A country chooses what kind of technology advancement the path to be able to promote the rapid growth which the agricultural productivity and the agriculture deliver, decides according to this country's resources talent condition. The farmer is tempted the relative price change, seeks these to save the relatively scarce element of production agricultural technology. Must establish an effective stimulation mechanism, causes the scientist on is maintaining the dynamic balance roughly to the technical supplies with the farmer and agricultural investment supplies business to the technical demand.The second part, introduces the Western developed country in construction modern agriculture practice basic condition. Western nation in development modern agriculture, faced with different natural resource talent condition and economic society foundation, according to the above the path is also different. Human little many, the labor force short country, take enhances the labor productivity as the essential target, develops the mechanization vigorously. Many people and little land, the farming resources short country take enhances the land productivity as the essential target, develops the biological chemical vigorously. Land, labor force quite moderate country, both takes with the modern industry equipment agriculture, and takes the science and technology the popularization and the promotion. In realizes in the agriculture modernization way, take US as representative, the industrialization and the agriculture and countryside modernization coordinated development. Take Western Europe as representative, is opposite in the industrialization, agricultural and the countryside modernization development lag, adopts the support policy, causes the agricultural development to catch up with gradually, realization and industrialization coordinated development.The third part ,introduces the Western developed country development modern agriculture the experience. The developed country in the construction modern agriculture advancement all the advancement agriculture science and technology revolution, uses the modern science and technology, took the construction modern agriculture the essential measure, through the development by the biological technology and the information technology primarily high technology and new technology, causes agricultural the nature production process more and more to receive humanity's positive governing, the agricultural production activity may not carry on in the nature, but carries on equally with the industrial production in the workshop. The agricultural production activity and the entire society relate closely in together, fully utilizes in the social resources solution production process the difficulty. The developed country development integration manage, saves the resources, the development highly effective agriculture, the perfect agriculture socialization service system, the government has formulated the system support protection agriculture and farmer's policy system, causes the agriculture to become delivers, the high efficiency, the high income industry high.The fourth part,profits from the Western developed country experience, proposed advances the Chinese modern agriculture construction several ponders. Our country constructs the modern agriculture, short with sharpens the agricultural synthesis productivity, the peasant household small-scale production faced with the resources and realizes the agriculture intensification management, the rural labor force massive extras with enhances the agriculture labor productivity, the agricultural investment insufficiency and the countryside essential factor flows out four contradictions. Embarks from our country fundamental realities of the country, must promote the independent innovation and the achievement application level with all one's strength, enhances the primitive innovation, the integrated innovation, the introduction digestion absorption diligently innovates again three big abilities, the strengthened construction modern agriculture technical support; Further enlarges to the agricultural protection and investment dynamics, constructs the new time agricultural policy system and the new public service system, consummates the construction modern agriculture the policy support; Further adjusts the structure and the innovation management way, the model modern industry production organization form, grows strong the integration"the dragon economy", transformation growth way, ramming construction modern agriculture industrial system support; The development modern circulation way and the new circulation industry condition, constructs the big market, joins the large network, stimulates the big circulation, constructs the modern agriculture perfectly the market system support; Further deepens the countryside comprehensive reform, reforms the villages and towns organization, develops the farmer specialized cooperative organization, the establishment construction modern agriculture system mechanism support; Improves the countryside worker quality comprehensively, the cultivation literacy, understands the new peasant who the technology, can manage, the construction modern agriculture human resources support.