The Issue Of Poverty-alleviation In China Ethnic Minority Areas

As a worldwide problem, poverty has been the most serious challenge facing mankind. The establishment of China's socialist system created an environment to eliminate poverty. Poverty is not socialism. To realize common prosperity of people is the object of socialism. China has achieved remarkable progress in poverty alleviation since the start of reform and opening up. Especially from the middle 1980s, the government issued a nationwide poverty-alleviation policy to reduce poverty and improve the living condition of people in poverty-stricken areas. Although China has made stunning achievements, poverty is still a ghost lingering throughout the country, especially the ethnic minority areas, old revolutionary base areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.For various reasons as history or limitation, ethnic minority people are leading a poor life, which has been a serious problem in China. These poor communities often rich in natural assets—vast area, natural resources, and strategic position. Therefore, to speed up the development of ethnic minority areas has become the top priority of poverty-alleviation. The content that all ethnic groups work together and realize common prosperity is the government's planed policy. Increasing efforts to the poverty relief , accelerating the economic and social development in ethnic minority areas, and gradually narrowing the gap with other parts of the country, is an important task to build a well-off society and push forward socialist modernization.Minority relief is the focus in this paper. Through the history and reality analysis of economic and social development in ethnic minority areas, the author intend to gain the causes of poverty and to give an objective evaluation; by retrospection of the policies in the ethnic areas since the found of the country, especially the start of reform and opening up, he sums up the experience of the development in poor minority areas. Based on the realities of economic and social development in ethnic minority areas, and to help the poor, we should come to do the poverty-alleviation work for the region of minorities in conjunction with the government's overall plan.This paper is divided into three parts.Part I introduces the current situation and the cause in impoverished minority area. First, basing on the specified minority areas and the poverty reality at present, the author systematically describes the existence of the national impoverished minority area which includes: poor area, poverty population and a high rate of poverty occurrence; the situation that minority areas of absolute poverty, relative poverty and poverty retroversion exist simultaneously; serious poverty-stricken minority areas, the poverty of scattered population and less population nation. Second, from the current situation of poor minority areas, he analyzes the factors of geography, social history, consciousness and making of the population in ethnic minority areas.Part II analyzes the special poverty-alleviation policies in the minority areas. It covers the period from country found to present. A summary in five aspects as following: relax the standards to strengthen the support to ethnic minority areas; focus on poverty relief funds and materials in poor ethnic minority regions; arrange special funds for the special difficulties in minorities; organize developed eastern coastal provinces and the cities to support for ethnic minority areas; Cooperate with international counterparts for the development of minority areas.Part III mainly expounds Problems and Solutions in the development of poor minority. In view of the special status and the reasons for poor minority areas, combining the history and reality of minority areas and discussing ways to take countermeasures, the author gives a summary from five areas: to enhance state support for larger quantities of low-income and poor people in absolute poverty; to strengthen the infrastructure construction to prevent from frequent natural disasters; to develop social undertakings for education; to accelerate the pace of industrial restructuring and industrial management; to actively and steadily promote exportation of labor and relocation of barren land in an active and steady manner.In short, the problem of poverty in minority areas is mainly caused by history and reality; while the establishment of the socialist system in China was a possible event to eliminate it possibly. Since the beginning of reform and opening up, the Chinese government attach great importance to the issue of poverty in ethnic minority areas and have done a lot of work under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory which can be proved by great achievements. Along with the economic and social development & the enhancement of overall national power, the government will conduct a systematic research on the issue until resolve it. At the beginning of new century, under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the "Three Represents", in the process of implementing the scientific concept of development and building a harmonious society, the issue of poverty in minority areas will be resolved in the process of comprehensively building a well-off society and pushing forward socialist modernization smoothly. The object that all ethnic groups work together to enjoy common prosperity will realize at tomorrow.