The Study Of Rural Poverty Problems In Shandong At The Background Of Building New Countryside

Since opening and reform, the government of Shandong province has taken many measures in easing poverty in rural areas. Although it has achieved remarkable success and rural absolute poverty has been greatly eased, it has not eliminated absolutely.Because of its economic strength,the problem of poverty in rural areas is likely to be neglected. Consequently,at the background of building a new socialist countryside in the new period,the study of rural poverty in Shandong has great practical significance.Poverty means the lack of revenue that can meet humans'basic demand or it is a survival state that humans'income is much less than others',and it can be divided into two categories,one is absolute poverty and the other is relative poverty.The income of rural residents in absolutely poor state is below the absolute poverty line in rural areas ,and the income of rural residents in relatively poor state is less than others'but its target range varies with objects that are compared. The problem of absolute poverty in Shandong rural areas still exists,and relative poverty has become increasingly prominent.Poor areas locates in the west in Shandong, and their social and ecological problems are very serious.Poor residents have the characteristics of low educated levels,doing bad work,low consumption levels ,heavy family burdens, etc.The author analyzes the reasons that cause rural poverty in Shandong from qualitative and quantitative aspects.There are many reasons causing poverty from qualitative aspect,so the author summarizes them from economic, social and technological aspects.The vicious circle of capital shortage,agriculture's characteristics,single investment structure of poor residents and the dual urban-rural economic structure are the economic reasons; Heavy family burdens,low educated levels,conservative ideology and the policies of neglecting agriculture are the social reasons; The government's inadequate investment in agricultural technological research,low educated levels of rural residents hindering the application of agricultural technology and unperfect agricultural service system hindering the promotion of agricultural technology are the technological reasons.We can't explain the extent to which each factor impacts on poverty by qualitative analysis,so the author uses Eviews statistical software to do some quantitative analysis.She concludes that local financial support for agriculture is the most important in easing rural poverty,the second is agricultural tax rate,the third is agricultural loan amount and the least important one is rural investment in fixed assets.Since opening and reform, the government of Shandong province has taken many measures in easing poverty in rural areas.It adopted many policies in alleviating poverty,such as system reform,regional development, comprehensive development,etc.These policies are very effective in easing poverty,but they also have some drawbacks.They ignored the main role of peasants and the city and the agricultural industrialization in alleviating poverty. Therefore,the author analyzes favorable and unfavorable factors and proposes countermeasures in anti-poverty at the background of building a new socialist countryside.The countermeasures include social redistribution,economic development model reform,the improvement of peasants'capacity and authority and the change of economic system.We should improve social redistribution by completing anti-poverty policies , increasing the input in poor residents,increasing financial support for agriculture and establishing the social security system.We should reform economic development model by forming economic growth pole,leading capable persons in rural areas,implementing the strategy of labor forces export and agricultural industrialization.We should increase capacity and authority of residents by increasing investment in human capital and establishing organizations that are used to protect the interests of the residents.We should change economic system by eliminating the dual urban-rural system and reforming the rural land system.