| Urban and rural are two basic forms of human settlements, the urban usually is the regional political, economic, cultural and transportation hub, plays an important role to the surrounding areas, is the entire region's economic development engine. A reasonable scale structure is conducive to rational allocation of resources, optimizing the industrial layout, narrowing regional differences, coordinated development of cities, thereby improving the economic development level, production efficiency and people's quality of life and accelerating the pace of social development.Take the 48 cities of Shandong as a case.Combined the methods of qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, the scale structure (mainly including population scale, economic scale, land scale) of Shandong urban system's basic status, forming mechanism and problems were studied, and the measures of adjust and optimization were put forward to make the strategy of Shandong urban scale system, from the angle of geography and economy. As a result of this study, some main conclusions and viewpoints are detailed as following.Based on the method of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the basic status and spatial heterogeneity of population scale were studied.Through different formula,the urban population basic data of Shandong Province was calculated.As a result,48 cities'population pyramid,primate degree, fractal dimension and Gini index was formed, and some results were made into graphics.According to the above,the status of population scale were concluded: two-core structure and the primate degree increased, fractal dimension gradually decreased,the Gini index increased and then increased.Finally,the status of spatial heterogeneity were concluded. The status of urban economic scale and function were mainly studied.Using standard deviation and entropy metric system to study the economic scale spatial variation, the results show that the economy scale of Shandong Province is not balanced, before 1999 gathering role is weak, after 1999 gathering role is stronge..The urban economic scale of Shandong Province was explored with the method of grey correlative analysis.Calculating the city's industrial structure gray related degree and different industries'gray related degree,and some results were made into graphics.The spatial expansion characteristics and formation mechanism of urban land were studied.The spatial expansion mechanism of Shandong Province was discussed with the method of dynamic analysis and logical reasoning. The spatial structure of urban system was influenced and restricted by many factors, including nature, policy, economy, population, traffic and environment,and they influence each other.Every factor can accelerate or limit the forming. Finally the type of expansion space were divided into two types by the convex shell method, the results show that the main expansion type in Shandong Province was filled type, is a sustainable urban expansion form.The gravity shift of urban scale was studied.Compared the gravity of population, economic and land, analyze the coordination and the city's overall development and trends. The results showed that the land focus is in the middle and the rate of change is also in the middle. GDP focus is in the northeast of the land focus. The population focus is in the southwest and the rate of change is the most intense.As an applied study, optimization recommendations and countermeasures were discussed. Further strengthen the core position of Jinan and Qingdao by expanding the population size and upgrading the industrial structure. Increase the number of major cities by cultivating some medium-sized cities which have good foundations and great potential. Expand the scale of small cities. Space model develop to multi-center network, focusing on three major cities and strengthening the role of six major axis of radiation. |
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