Research On Effect Of Returning Farmland To Forest And Measures Analysis Of Vegetation Restoration In Yan'an City

13 counties in Yan'an were included in the national pilot demonstration of returning farmland to forests, as the only pilot model city.After years of efforts, returning farmland to forest project in the Yan'an improves the ecological environment and the socio-economic development in the rural areas ,plays a significant role in promoting , achieves great ecological, economic and social benefits.At present more researches focus on returning farmland to forests, but few has systematic studies such as the merits of the assessment model, summing up the experience , a number analysis of security measures on returning farmland to forest.This paper researches overall efficiency of returning farmland to forest project in Yan'an through dynamic study by ourselves, checking the relevant information, fully drawing on the successful experience of research results, connecting with the changes of the economic and ecological situation in Yan'an. At the same time we evaluat the model of returning farmland to forests and introduct of the advantages and disadvantages of it. By studying the living standards of farmers whose land has been reclaimed before and after the characterization, by studying production conditions, the income of peasants and rural economic and social development indicators, we evaluat correctly on benefit gained of returning farmland to forest project.This research has such conclusion. The main existing problems of ecological environment in Yan'an: forest vegetation has a low coverage. the forest stand quality is not good enough and misdistribution. A serious shortage of water resources, soil erosion is serious and frequent natural disasters. Through various modes of returning farmland to forest project which are ecology forest modes, husbandry-woods model and ecology -economy, grass vegetation in Yan'an City has been markedly restored, soil erosion has been effectively checked, and the ecological environment has been improved, at the same time the county's economic rapid development. It promotes rural industries and land-use restructuring, increase the income of the farmers, improve the overall quality of the population.At present, returning farmland to forest projects still have same questions, such as lack of overall planning, stands structure irrational, operation and management issues outstanding, the proportion of households do not sound too large, tenure reform slow, natural disasters, institutional construction lagged behind, relevant policies and compensation mechanisms imperfect and so on.Some measures and suggestions on the problems existed are put forward: always uphold the planning first, strengthen scientific and technological innovation mechanism system, follow-up to accelerate the development of industries, vigorously develop grass returning farmland to forest resources, adjustment of tree species structure scientific, emphasize to solve the problem of single species, prevent and cure the damage of mice and hares.