Study On Urban Public Transport Prices Decision-making Theory And Method

With the fast development of economy, the process of urbanization become quickly, the municipal traffic problem is getting more and more seriously. Developing public transportation preferentially is an effective means to alleviate the traffic jam and reduce traffic pollution. Price strategy of transit is a lever that pushes the prior development of urban public transit. Then definite the price of transit scientifically and reasonable become an important subject.At first, the paper summarized the pricing method of traffic area through domestic and foreign, and analysis the demand characteristics of the urban transit detailed. With the analysis of the factor that influencing public transport demand and the price that regulate the public transit demand, and on the basis of requirement forecasting theory of the original public transport, the paper have studying the demand forecasting method of transit passenger of improved Logit-model.Secondly, the paper elaborated the principle and strategy of transit pricing in view of the characteristic of the public transport, summarized commonly theories and methods that were used to transit pricing, and then analysis the quality of various methods comparatively.Thirdly, the method of studying transit price and strategy which using multi-objective planning was proposed in this paper, the paper has analyzed the characters and superiorities of multi-objective pricing method and made detailed analysis to the important influence factors of the pricing. Then set up transit multi-objective pricing model according to the above. Study in the weight of making the model parameter of the price strategy that "the public transportation first", use Matlab to solve the problem. Finally, analysis the composition and demand of market of public transport use Shenzhen for instance; calculate the bus price of Shenzhen using many targets pricing method; this has verified the practicability of many targets pricing methods.The main researches that include: summarized the theory and method of pricing of urban public transport; studied the passenger predict method of public transport of improved Logit-modle; proposed many target planning public transport pricing method; set up the many target planning pricing model; studied the price strategy under the policy that " the public transit has priority " and confirmed the model weight; Use the embodiment of Shenzhen to verify the practicability of many targets pricing methods.