Research On China Regional Airports Construction Financing Models And Operation Methods

Accompany with the rapid development of China's economy, demands of people communication and goods transportation from different regions gradually increased. As a mechanical part of China's transportation system, regional airports'construction financing models and operation methods catch more and more eyes. Now in China, mono-construction financing model, low operation efficiency and bad beneficial situation of regional airports, play a barrier role in the development of regional air transportation. This thesis compares the construction financing models and operation methods of China and foreign countries, analyzed the elements which effect the construction and operation and propose the optional models and reformation methods in the future. This thesis has the practical meaning in diversifying the regional airports'construction financing models and operation methods.First of all, This thesis give an exact definition of regional airport, then analyze the correlation of regional airport, regional air transportation and regional aircraft, also talk about the distribution characteristic of China's regional airports.Then, point out the peculiarities and meaning of the regional airport as the substructure of transportation system. Depict the change of regional airports'construction capital sources, and the main operation methods in China: collective, branch companies or departments, operate by airlines.Then, analyze the airport construction financing model of air-industry developed countries, also compare with the China.1) America airport construction financing model: government guide the construction, capital is mainly from four sources: A,airport bond; B,federal government's subsidies carry out in AIP; C,passenger facility charge (pfc); D,fund of state government.2) Great Britain airport construction financing model: the theme is private ownership. Government guide multi-investment, adopt the auction of operation rights, tenancy , BOT to transform the operation methods, give permission to private invest construction and ownership.3) Japan airport construction financing model: A,government ownership and classified administration; B,commercial financing attempt.History of China's regional airport construction financing can be divided in four periods: under air force, civil aviation first reformation, civil aviation second reformation, airport localization. Now airport construction still guide by government and capital sources mainly from state finance, civil aviation special fund, commercial bank loan, national bond.Analyze the element as political, economic development level, regional population, income, travel, local geographic character and replaced transportation, which affect China's regional airport construction financing. China's regional airport construction financing in future:1) Capital from bond, regional airport construction can use 3 kinds of bonds, national bond, municipal bond and company bond.2) Industry investment fund and strategic investor, can raise the efficiency of regional airport construction and reform the capital structure.3) BOT model, is the project owned government or its agency provide a exclusive right for the constructor and operation company as the financing foundation. The constructor or operation company to arrange financing matter, afford risks and operate for benefits in limited years. At last, the project must transfer to related government agency according to the agreement.4) PPP model, or public-private model. Government agency and private company make a partnership, both side take the responsibility and risks by the agreement. Make Clear the rights and obligations, adequately exert the advantages of private capital in resource conformity and operation.Herein, depict the relationship between the main body of the investment and operation, point out that multi-construction financing models can raise the operation lever, also analyze the advantage and disadvantage of China's airports collective. If want to reform the operation methods of regional airports, firstly air route operation right should lean to the regional airport. Secondly, regional airports should strive for better operation environment. Thirdly, operation methods must be multiple, induct professional management company, attract airlines to share airports and raise the benefit by collective advantage.Regional airports should set up operation appraisal system, mainly from production, service, management, finance and social sides. When regional airport take new operation system, it can extrovert its non-core business, simplify its organizational structure and optimize the working procedure.Finally, analyze the case of Changbaishan airport's construction and operation. Retrospect the construction process and analyze the operation methods, point out how to reform the method of operation: Firstly attract airlines to share airports. Secondly transfer the public function. Thirdly make non-core business extrovert or localization. Fourthly build a lean organizational structure. Fifthly set up management system and optimize the working procedure. Sixthly exert great efforts on non-aviation business.