The Law-economics Analysis Of Regulatory Mechanism Of Public Transport Industry

Urban public transport is public facilities, which is the hub for the urban transport system, and the arteries of urban development, it is in close touch with the public interest. It is also closely linked with economic development and social civilization, and maintains closely linked with the normal operation of urban functions, and has a deeply impact on China's economic development. If the government regulation of urban public transport execute properly, it will not affect the prosperity of the whole society, so my country's public transport sector is also attached great importance to the monitoring. At present, our country's public transportation development is still far from being able to meet the needs of social development .Traffic congestion,population pressure and worsening urban pollution promote public transport regulatory reform. The contradiction between supply and demand is highlighted ,the government regulatory reform should be implemented .Domestic and foreign academics analysis the need for public transport regulatory reform from different fields , and put forward some feasible methods .On the basis of absorbing domestic and foreign regulation theory,from the states of public transport regulation, this paper uses a combination of theory and practice methods to analyze the characteristics of government supervision of public transportation. It aims to establish regulatory system which is suited to China's status, and to achieve social welfare maximization。In the introduction,it describes the status of public transport,the social status of public transport industry and Government's determination to reform public transport regulations ,which paves the way for the full text .In this paper, the first chapter describes the concept of public transportation and economic and technological characteristics .Since public transport has characteristics of natural monopoly,welfare,competition ,our government need to make regulatory reform .As followed ,the paper analyzes the main elements of government regulation ,which can be divided into entry regulation, price regulation and quality regulation .Chapter 2 is the focus of this article , the first section analyzes the transport demand and supply situation, the country's public transportation is a necessity of people's lives, so the elasticity of demand is relatively small, so the supply is to determine the transit bus market supply and demand balance of the main factors ;in second section ,it describes the pricing method through the sample survey data analysis and looks for corporate earnings range through mapping analysis ; in the third section ,it analyzes three kinds of our existing subsidy system, and makes a comparative analysis of the three subsidy systems .Chapter 3 describes the history of our country's public transportation in the view of transport regulatory reform,and then it analyzes the status of China's public transport problems in supervision, such as market entry regulation unreasonable,the absence of other existing laws .In Chapter 4,through the comparison of Paris, London, Singapore, Curitiba , this paper finds out the four urban public transport regulatory commonalities and differences and then concludes that the reform of China's public transport a number of recommendations.In chapter five, it puts forward the available suggestions about the reform of government supervision of public transport, the feasible Suggestions in keeping the non-profit welfare and public benefit, under the precondition of realization to separate the functions of the government from those of the enterprise, further regulating subsidy system and introducing incentive system, supervision and restraint externally to public transport industry in China, which can further enhance the level of supervision reform.