Study On The Counter-policies For City Public Transport Priority In China

Urban public transport is the important facilities closely related to the people's production and activity. The development of urban public transport is an important measures and means to improve the road resources utilization efficiency, alleviate traffic congestion, save energy, reduce pollution emmission and promote social equity and justice, and also is important means to carry out the scientific development concept and build a harmonious society.On June 25,2004. Premier Wen Jiabao approved the Ministry of construction (now the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development), pointed out that "giving priority to develop urban public transport is the correct strategic thinking on China urban development and transport development that accords with China's reality." This is the first time that China put the 'Public Transportation Priority'on the strategic perspective of urban development and transport development, so public transportation has become the object that publics, experts and others deeply concerned.Public transport priority development is the outcome of co-ordination and efforts between different parties. So this paper introduces a functions to describe these relationship, the effect of public transport priority is the fuction of environmental factors, and environmental factors includes government's policies, public participation, market operation and enterprise operation, its formula is f(E)=f(P,P,M,E). This paper focuses on the government's policies and public participation, but less on the market and enterprise operation.To develop public transport priority, firstly, we must probe its deeper reasons.At present, there still exist incorrect understandings among many people especially including some government officials, these incorrect understandings make a paradox, on the one hand we hold the banner'priority'highly, but on the other hand the'priority'dose not become true. So we must take a look back on public transport, and recognize its important role in urban development and transport development. This paper presents a theoretical and empirical research to answer this question.At present, public transport is still at a very disadvantage situation, such as lower sharing rate, lack of adequate facilities, lower services level, policy Loss and public welfare spending increasing seriously, security issue, and so on. Hidden in these problems and reasons are lack of the kownledge, management system, funding, planning and system integration.In foreign countries, Government plays an important role in development of public transport, government's action includes legislation, management system, funding, planning, these practices create a good environment for public transport development.Draw lessons from other countries'experience as well as the development of public transport in China, the paper proposes a new developmental model, that is government-led, market operation and multi-participation. Government must take leading role in the development of public transport, make public transport public benefit clearly, specifically make laws, integrate management system and mechanism etc. At the same time, under the premise of government-led, make multi-parties participate in developing public transport, and then will form a good governance environment for public transport development.