Study On Major Hazards Assessment And Prevention In Hazards Chemical

With the rapid development of chemical industry, petroleum chemical industry, large quantities of flammable, explosive, toxic, harmful, corrosive and other hazardous chemicals are produced and used. In recent years, serious accidents that caused huge losses of casualties and property are caused frequently by hazardous chemicals and the consequences are very serious, especially when the number of hazardous chemicals achieves to a certain amount and poses a major hazard, it has greater damage and influence. In order to strengthen safety supervision and administration of hazardous chemicals of major hazardous sources, prevent and reduce the occurrence of hazardous chemical accident, we need to evaluate major hazards, and master the security situation of major hazardous chemical, and take measures to prevent accidents.The thesis applied the related theory, such as identification of major hazard, risk assessment, risk prevention in hazardous chemical field, into an overall and systematic assessment the ammonia in the company. It also analyzed work safety situation and potential problems in current production, put forward suggestions for improvement and prevention measures from technology, education training and regulations.According to the field investigation and safety management assessment in the project of ammonia in the company, the following problems in the safety management problems are the management model of occupational health safety management system disconnects with the actual safety work, lack of the major hazardous files, and emergency evacuation plan is not comprehensive. Mainly reasons are that it is hard to change the way of thinking among the safety manager and workers, and it is also hard to get the whole affected field once the ammonia leaking. The following suggestions are proposed for the main reasons, enhance the effectiveness in operation of occupational health safety management system, establish the major hazardous files and perfect the system of emergence evacuation. At the same time analog computation the whole affected field once the ammonia leaking which can provide a reference for revising and perfecting the emergency evacuation plan.Based on the theory of major hazard identification and risk assessment, the thesis identified the company should monitor fire explosion, boiler explosion, poisoning and asphyxia, it also assessed ammonia producing field. Using the accident tree evaluation method, main reasons caused the accidents are found. In the thesis, prevention measures are also proposed to stop the accidents.The problems and weakness in the ammonia company is very common in other chemical companies. The proposal and prevention measures in the thesis can improve the safety management and the level of safety. It can also instruct the major hazards safety assessment and prevention.