The Sociological Analysis Of "the Heat Of Postgraduate Entrance Examination" Phenomenon In College Students Groups

With the continuous development of market economy and the progress of society, the number of our country's demand for high-level talent is getting bigger and bigger. With the rapid growing of Chinese economic, higher education and postgraduate education in China is developing rapidly, dramatically expanding the size of graduate education. In 2001, Chinese implemented graduate enrollment expanded for the first time, since then, the postgraduate entrance examination is gradually also elevating temperature year by year. But the college student group as the civil service exam forces, this hot phenomenon has aroused the socially wide concern. As of 2009,the number of graduate students in school has reached 1800000.The so large-scale exams for postgraduate schools community have not only become an important educational phenomenon of contemporary China, but also a need to attract widespread attention to social phenomenon.. Whether the students choose employment or entering the postgraduate examination, in a certain sense, it is an educational problem in the final analysis. Whether to a state and nation or to a specific individual, the role of the education played is significant.My paper focuses on the social behavior of the entrance examination for postgraduate. My research treats Coleman's rational choice theory and the incentives to achievement theory as the basic theory. In the past major part put particular emphasis on the analysis graduate-study admission exam agent in macroscopic level. But generally speaking, these researches are mainly simple description for "the heat of postgraduate entrance examination" phenomenon, and lack theoretical and systematic characteristic. This article is based on the research of a special field, through the methods of literature, semi-structured interviews and participatory observation of the university students group on "the heat of postgraduate entrance examination". Regard Coleman's rational choice theory arid the incentives to achievement theory, take the students in DaLian university as the example, and use the method of case interviews with groups of college students nowadays, and then we can analyze the situation of "the heat of postgraduate entrance examination ". This paper tries to proceed from the micro level to explain this phenomenon, take the rational choice theory as the angle of view, from the students'thinking and behavior to analyze why takes exams for postgraduate schools.At the level of basic action, combining with the cases, and using Coleman's rational choice theory, we have analyzed the act of "the heat of postgraduate entrance examination" from different angles such as actors' aim, social values-oriented, actors themselves and resources. At first Coleman put forward the basic assumption and research methodology of his theory-rational man assumption and Individualism Methodology. Rational man is purposive actor, aiming at profiting. Individualism Methodology is the method of Internal Analysis of System Behavior that is macro phenomenon interpreted by sociology, but interpretation should be carried on beneath macro level. Coleman' originally analyzing at the micro level, pointed out:" Every Person in society occupy a number of resources, therefore obtain prestige of certain action. But other resources for profiting probably are controlled by other actors, so actors must exchange mutually for profiting." At the medium level, Coleman think that in social exchange, for the reason of inequality of resources, some actors subordinate to other actors for profiting, therefore authority system appear. At the macro level, social structure is constituted by agents. Furthermore, they occupy a quantity of resources and prestige, so their activity impact society profoundly. Prestige and trust are significant for maintaining social order.Through anglicizing, I believe that college students who choose the postgraduate entrance examination is the result of their rational thinking for themselves. As a rational man who chooses the postgraduate entrance examination is to the exams for postgraduate schools the view, the manner and the final decision-making receive the rational control, pondered through the rationality that seeks the benefit maximization. At the same time, we do not remove decision existence certain not rational factor which part of schoolmates take exams for postgraduate schools. Although in mover's initial objective not rational, some impulsions, even is blind, experiences has taken exams for postgraduate schools this stage to wash the principle, no matter takes exams for postgraduate schools successfully or not, has certain help to own growth. Defeat not too big loss, if has succeeded, no matter from the school record or the knowledge aspect to oneself is an enhancement. The postgraduate education in our country is one kind of outstanding person type education, the goal is for the purpose of the talented person who raises the top level, the massive university students emerged in the exams for postgraduate schools troop to come are without doubt select for the talented person have provided a broader space. But student takes exams for postgraduate schools troops more and huger some new questions along with the university student to expose gradually.Therefore, we should take exams for postgraduate schools target-oriented the behavior to the university student to perform the correct guidance. In a word, we should take measures actively to better guide students to make their own rational career choice from the country, the society to the individuals, so as to better promote the country economy development, protect the social stability and building a harmonious socialist society.