Study Of Yulin City Of Coal Mining Eco-deposit System

The rapid development of China's mining industry provides an important material security for socio-economic development, but meanwhile has also caused an increasingly serious environmental problem. This rapid economic development has brought increasing environmental deterioration, which is contrary to the requirements of sustainable development. Resolving the conflict between mining industry development and environmental protection has become a pressing problem. In particular, in coal-rich Yulin, Shaanxi Province, mining in recent years has driven rapid economic development, but at the same time caused incalculable environmental damage, which badly influences the lives of people in the mine areas. However, funds for environmental protection are extremely scarce and environmental governance of mining cannot be carried out, which puts serious constraints on local economic and socially sustainable development. Therefore, the establishment of an ecological restoration accountability mechanism can be used to provide a guarantee of mine rehabilitation.In China, the tax system has been using to rehabilitate mine environments, but there are some limitations, such as low standards and a shortage of incentives. Consequently, China began a system of paid use of mineral resources in 2006. The reform proposed the setting up of coal mine environmental control and ecological restoration accountability mechanisms and a mine restoration deposit system of environmental governance as an effective measure. The mine restoration deposit system is based on the experience of developed countries. Yulin City in Shaanxi Province is in an important phase, with the city not only strongly demanding economic development but also with an urgent need to protect the ecological environment. Yulin was therefore chosen to pilot the deposit system, and it is instructive to do further analysis of the implementation effectiveness and problems encountered with the deposit system in Yulin. Consequently, methods of improving the deposit system can be developed.This paper gives an in-depth analysis of the mine restoration deposit system in Yulin in both theory and practice, examining the results of the deposit system. The methods of demonstration, comparison, norm and game theory are used. By analysis of the theoretical basis (Externality and Institutional Change Theory) and comparison with the previous system, this paper deduces that the mine restoration deposit system for environmental governance in Yulin has a positive effect on improving the mine environment. Using the Game Model of relevant stakeholders, this paper also presents that a mine restoration deposit system is an effective way to internalize the cost of ecological restoration. The situation in Yulin City is not as good as what was expected, however; the system is not perfect. Problems include falling short of market economics, lower standards, a single form of deposit, a small percentage of margin in special accounts, inefficient use of the deposit, and weak consciousness of environmental protection. At the same time the author analyzes how other provinces and countries resolve these issues. Finally, the author endorses the basic principles of this system, such as polluter-pay, principle and flexibility, balancing the beneficial mechanism etc, while also proposing the basic concept of improving the margin system and suggesting that the government enhance supervision and punishments, and strengthen the market mechanism to let third parties rehabilitate coal mine environments. The author looks forward to better effectiveness in Yulin City, contributing to ecological restoration and setting an example to all China.