The Social Environment Of Japanese Tourists Inbound Tourism And The Geographical Pattern Changes

Chinese modern tourism industry begins from 1978. During 30 years, the development of tourism changes from small to large,from weak to strong, and the tourism plays an increasingly important role in the economic and social development, opening up and enhancing our international status. In amount of Chinese international tourist market, Japan is the largest source of inbound tourism in China market which has the advantage of developed economy, large population, the world's most important tourist exporting countries, and connecting with our country with short distance,closing economic and trade ties. It's important to analyse the development of tourism that Japanese travel to China and the geographical distribution when Japenese entry for promotiin of China's short-range international inbound tourism and development of inbound tourism among related provinces in a complex and international travel and domestic competition. Based on related statistics from 1979 to 2007, this article studied on the inbound tourism development of Japanese, the results showed that:(1) From 1990 to 2007, the development of outbound tourism in Japan is divided into three periods. The number of outbound tourism increased rapidly during 1990 and 1996, which is the golden age for Japanese outbound tourism. Since 1997, outbound tourism in Japan recieved a pause stream of visitors resulting from Financial Crisis and Bubble Economy, and the number of outbound tourism had fluctuated for ten years. In the middle age of 1990s, long-distance tourism accounted for the great part of Japanese outbound tourism. The destination mainly concentrated in the Americas and Europe. When it's come to the 21st century, outbound tourism in Japan got a rapid increase in penetration. Short-haul travel within the continent was in a faster growth.There was almost half of Japanese choose the Asia Travel. To 1997, China became Japan's largest outbound tourism destination. Since 1979, entry of Japanese tourists traveling to the mainland of China grew in a high-speed. Japanese tourists'acceptance of China's tourism and travel preference increased gradually. However, with the expansion of China's opening up and upgrading of the international status, entry of Japanese tourists to China is into a declining trend. That reflects that China's inbound tourism market is more diversified and rapidly developing.(2) International trade and international tourism is an interactive system, the trade drives tourism while tourism acts the trade. With the increasing of Sino-Japanese trade, the population of inbound tourists form Japan to China is increasing, and presents a significant push-pull model between the trade and tourism,while the marginal elasticity by trade was gradually reducing; with the open-out expansion of China and some new markets reduce such as Russia and South Korea's, the proportion of Japanese arrivals over the China's inbound tourists is going down, with the ratio that Sino-Japanese trade over Chinese foreign trade is felling, and these two ratios have the dynamic evolution trend that changes from early uncoordinated alternate drive to the later coordinate simultaneous evolution. With the view from Japan's trade with China and Japanese tourists' entry to China, from 1985 to 2008, with the rate of Sino-Japanese trade over the Japanese foreign trade increasing, the rate of tourist arrive from Japan to China over the Japan outbound tourism is growing either, and there is a strong time synchronization between growth trend and the fluctuation period.(3) Based on the theory of natural trend curve, influences of six crises in late 30 years to China's inbound tourism from Japan are analyzed. Due to the different nature of each incident, the length of time, tourists lost volume, the loss rate which affect tourism Japanese enter China are also different.Duration of political disorder in 1989 and financial crisis in 1998 to Japanese inbound tourism is the longest; Impacts of the SARS in 2003 is the strongest.Impacts of the Sino-Japanese incidents to inbound travel from Japan is minimal in 2001 and 2005.(4) The spatial distribution of Japanese tourists enter the mainland is unbalanced. After Japanese tourists enter Chinese mainland, with being attracted by the developed economy, high-class resort and location advantageous position, Japanese tourists were distributed in 31 provinces, which can be divided into 4 grades—super core, core, second edge and edge. The super core market include Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, and they are the centre which radiate to around provinces and mid-west; Affected by tourism location and spatial distance, the visiting rate of every province shows a gradient decline trend from east to west along the Yellow River and Yangtze River.(5) In the three dominant factors that affect the inter-provincial Japanese inbound tourism, the inbound tourism development has a high degree of relying on the Sino-Japanese trade links and traffic location,with nature throughout the country, Japan, the determinant of inbound tourism development in the Sino-Japanese trade ties intensity and location conditions, trade links is the biggest driving force, location is the key to improve the population of Janpanese tourists among provinces. The tourism resources based on inbound tourism and objective role, but it is less than the impact of the Japanese inbound tourism on promotion and geographic conditions of trade.