Parent-child Relationships, Personality Traits On The Students' Risk Behaviors

Risk behaviour refers to the behaviour that leads to negative effect.This kind of behaviour, whether breaks the laws or the norms of the society or not, exerts direct or potential undesirable influence on health or safety of the society, other members or himself.Because of the more complicated social circumstances and higher rate of adolescent risk behaviour, it becomes more important to set up an appropriate psychological education system for adolescents.Urban adolescent is the main concern in present domestic study with the agency of the study pattern of Epidemiology. This kind of study seems not enough to pay attention to countryside adolescents,to the basic frame of adolescent risk behaviour and to different approaches to seeking the basic factors. In Liulin County,Shanxi Province,402 middle school students from grade 7,8,10 and 11 are chosen as subjects in the paper.The revised Youth Risk Behaviour Survey Questionnaire,the conflict between teenagers and parenthood, the affinity between teenagers and parenthood,Small Five Personality Inventory, are applied to present the situation of risk behaviour among rural middle school students and to discover the effect of parent-child relationship and personality factor on their risk behaviour.The basic findings that is is inferred among the subjects are as follows:1.The risk behaviour such as crossing roads without permission, no safety belt tied in a car, possessions loss, smoking, alcohol abuse, inappropriate diet and lack of body exercises, is of highest occurrence among the subjects. Idea to leave home without parents'approval, fighting with classmates in present year, recent alcohol abuse, reducing weight and internet addiction also remains high occurrence. The occurrence is higher than or close to that of the urban adolescents according to the studies concerned.This phenomenon is connected with both the development of local economy, society and education and the character and psychology development of local adolescents. On the basis of the survey, the present situation of risk behaviour among the subjects demands more attention of local authorities and society.2.The factor of genre makes difference as to accident, violence,smoking, abuse of alcohol or other substance and weight reducing.Female students shows remarkable occurrence as to weight reducing while male student shows much more remarkable occurrence as to other risk behaviour.3.Grade is found to be a factor affecting some risk behaviours among the subjects. As to accident, the subjects from grade 7 get significantly lower scores than other grades; Violence becomes much less as the grade gets higher; As to unsafe sexual behaviour, subjects from grade 7 gets significantly higher scores than other subjects; As to weight reducing, subjects from grade 7 gets lowest scores than subjects while subjects from grade 8 gets highest scores,and the subjects from grade 10 and 11 get lower scores. As to inappropriate diet and internet addiction, subjects from grade 7 to 10 gets gradually higher scores while scores are found lower among the subjects from grade 11.4.Risk behaviour patterns are found to be connected in between and show clustering effect and self propagation.5.In general, positive correlation can be found between parent-child conflict and risk behaviour and parent-child conflict helps positive forecast of risk behaviour.Negative correlation can be found between parent-child cohesion and risk behaviour, and helps negative forecast of risk behaviour6.In general, in individual personality, the dimensions of emotionality and openness takes positive correlation and helps positive forecast of risk behaviour while the dimensions of prudence, agreeableness and extraversion takes negative correlation with risk behaviour and helps negative forecast of risk behaviour.7.In general, personality plays a mediating role between parent-child relationship and risk behaviour. The two factors of prudence and openness plays a mediating role between conflict magnitude and accident,conflict magnitude and violence,and parent-child cohesion and violence; The two factors of emotionality and openness plays a mediating role between conflict magnitude and risk behaviour like leaving home without approval and suicide,and between parent-child cohesion and risk behaviour like leaving home without approval and suicide; The two factors of agreeableness and openness plays a mediating role between parent-child cohesion and smoking; Emotionality plays a partial mediating role between conflict magnitude and parent-child cohesion and between parent-child cohesion and internet addiction.Conclusions are as follows:1.Among rural middle school students,the rate of some risk behaviour is found comparatively higher and is remarkably affected by genre and grade.2.Among rural middle school students,risk behaviour patterns show clustering effect and self propagation.3.parent-child relationship helps the forecast of some kinds of risk behaviour.4.personality helps the forecast of some kinds of risk behaviour and plays a mediating role between parent-child relationship and risk behaviour.