Modern Chinese Verbs, Adverbs Collaborative Justice Research

Consisting of four chapters except the preface, the paper has made a systematic observation and comprehensive analysis of company of verbs and adverbs in modern Chinese.The first chapter deals with semantic features and definition of company and makes a contrast between [+company] and other words, pointing out that company lay more emphasis on combination, wholeness, similarity between doers and recipients. On this basis, according to grammatical forms, it gives a scale of verbs and adverbs and divides verbs to participating-together and assisted -accompany.In the second and third chapters, the syntax, semantics and pragmatics of verbs are discussed. In terms of syntax, the typical sentence structure of participating-together and assisted-accompany are "NP1+gen+NP2+V (+NP3) " and "NP1+V+NP2+VP1". According to whether they can coexist with Np3, the former can be further subdivided into Va1, Va2, and Vb1, vb2, vb3, vb4. As for semantics, the two kinds verbs require several individuals performing actions or receiving of actions occur in the same semantic field. While assisted-accompany verbs can be words with features of [±consciousness], [+animacy] and [+action]. The former involves the semantic roles of agent, patient, possessor, neighborhood and forms 17 basic semantic structural patterns of sentences and six corresponding sentence patterns, while the latter involves roles of performing, receiving complementary, leading to 4 basic semantic structural patterns of sentences and four sentence patterns. With regard to pragmatics, displacement may occur of inevitable arguments.With a discussion on syntactic and semantic features of the substantive and predicate, the fourth chapter made a thorough observation on the adverbs from their similarities and uniqueness. The substantive includes completion and omission of the elements, with a requirement of number and coexistence in the same field about semantics. While the predicate are mainly verbalized, which can be company verbs and no-company verbs with a clear continuum and ending. Besides, the paper also discusses internal differences and regularities of adverbs. The differences among adverbs are varied, ranging from styles, semantic orientation to limitations on choice of coexisting elements. Except "yi bing", other adverbs can be used one after another, with a sequence of "simultaneity and comprovinciality" > "simultaneity" > "wholeness", while displacement can occur because of rhythm.