Chinese As A Foreign Language The Primary Stage Of Verb - Acquisition And Teaching And Research

The directional complements have always been a key and difficult point in the field of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language (TCFL). According to the Difficulty Level Designating Standards contributed by Mr. Zhou Xiaobing, the language difficulty level of the directional complements is quite high, with their complicated and abstract meanings as the biggest obstacle in acquisition. Although the acquisition result of certain grammar is closely related with its language difficulty, the external conditions, including the grading of TCFL teaching programs, the text books and the teaching methodology, contribute to it as well.First, on the basis of the research findings contributed by other scholars, the paper analyzes the two directional complements"dao"and"shang", and concludes that the directional meaning of one directional complement serves as the cognition basis.Second, after analyzing several important TCFL teaching programs, text books in terms of grading and the teaching methodology of 30 TCFL teachers, the paper concludes that with the directional meanings missing and the extended meaning---the result meanings taught as the result complements, the characteristics of Chinese grammar, the grading principles, and the cognition rules are not properly presented, all of which make the defect of the extended conditions.Third, with the help of a survey among 84 foreign students of the primary level of Chinese learning, the paper proves that the defect of the external conditions as above makes one of the factors of the unsatisfactory acquisition result of the students.Finally, enlightened by the relative theory of syntax, semantics, cognition semantics and cognition teaching methodology, the paper puts forwards the teaching conception and methods, including the directional meanings working as the starting point, the imagery graphs, the cognitive explanation of the meaning relationships, the meaning restriction in the"Verb + DC"structures and the whole structure drills. And the paper proves the feasibility and the effectiveness of this method with a teaching experiment and survey.