"cultural Revolution" Qufu "pi Lin Pi Kong" Campaign Research

"Criticizing Lin Biao and Confucius" in late "the Great Cultural Revolution" was a political movement broken out in the nationwide and carrying out the "left-leaning" theory and activity compulsed. And also, the Qufu area was the representation especially. This thesis studies this movement taking the Qufu area as an angle, from the beginning of "Criticizes Lin Biao and Confucius", the response of local peole, developing ways, content, characteristics and influence. The movement of "Criticizes Lin Biao and Confucius" in Qufu area broke out after the event of Lin Biao rebelling the country and Zhou Enlai criticizing the "left-leaning" ideological to touch the foundation of "the Great Cultural Revolution" to cause Mao Zedong's thought turning "left" and leaning the legalism and approving the Confucian gradually. Afer this movement beginning in Qufu, the local cadres and majority held negative even resisting manner. Under the pressure, the Qufu county Party committee and the leaders at all levels were compelled to launch this movement using to conduct the political night schools, to launch the criticism meetings and the expositions, to write the big-character posters and the blackboard newspapers, to build the libraries and to creat poetries and nursery songs, and so on. On one hand, the primary content of the movement of "Criticizes Lin Biao and Confucius" in Qufu area is criticizing Lin Biao and Confucius as the same with the other areas of the country in the same time. Moreover, as Shandong's characteristic, when is appointed the Shandong provincial Party committee second secretary and Jinan Military Region Commissar concurrently, Yuan Shengping was criticized as Lin Biao'agent in Shandong province. Furthermore, the popular theory and the procedure deniing "Great Cultural Revolution" in society also were criticized at that time. On the other hand, this movement in Qufu also had itself characteristics. Namely lacked the mass base, approved "Confucian Residence" as Confucius wrongly, the majarity was the intellectual but the workers and peasants, the form was varied and the attitude tended bearing, and so on. Looks over the Movement of "Criticize Lin Biao and Confucius" in Qufu, although it produced great effect, namely intensified the extreme "left" ideological spread, destructed production, education and culture, but this had not able to change the people's initial resisting attitude. Looking from this angle, Mao Zedong'goal that wanted to borrow "Criticizes Lin Biao and Confucius" to criticize the Confucianist and to publicize the legalism to maintain "the Great Cultural Revolution" did not realized. Jiang Qing's scheme of taking the opportunity of criticizing Zhou Enlai to come on stage "forming a cabinet" and sweeped clean the barrier on the plot was not able to prevail. Says from this angle, "the Great Cultural Revolution" had been unpopular, the people loathed "Criticizing Lin Biao and Confucius" generally. Under such background, the people reposed the hope on Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping veteran revolutionary comrade, this also laid the solid mass base of Deng Xiaoping'coming on stage in 1975 as well as the downfall of "the Gang of Four" afterward.