Ming Dynasty, Shandong Magistrate Dynasty

The county was the most basic local administration regionalization of the political institution in ancient China. The county was setted up early in Spring and Autumn Period time, and has continued until now.At present the research about the county has achieved great achievements. Different from two Chintese, Tang, Song, and so on,it was weaker in the research about county system of the Ming Dynasty. There are very little about the special study about the county magistrate of Ming Dynasty,no to mention the reseach about some place county.Therefore this article attempts take Ming Dynasty Shandong county magistrate as a breakthrough point, then unifies the Shandong local chronicle material, and discusses county magistrate from native palace, the identity, the work time, promotion and function.Paper is divided into six parts:The first part is the introduction, mainly reviewed the nearly five years of academic research on the county system status. Then, set up the intention of writing and research value. The second part is a simple outline about the set of coutry magistrate before the Ming History. The third part is relates in the native place and the family background of the Shandong county magistrate in Ming Dynasty. Basis in the statistics about the native and identity of county magistrate from Shandong local chronicle material, we can drawn that the native of the country mainly from the neighbor province of Shandong. But in the early of Ming the identity of county magistrate is mainly a imperial academy student;until mid and late period, successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations is major of county magistrate. Moreover, because of difference in the Shandong interior region, west three government office successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations family background's county magistrate must be more than the east three government offices. The fourth part has discussed county magistrate's tenure and promotion in office. Because the society situation and ruler's demand is different, the tenure in office is generally nine years in the early Ming time,but it is three years, even is shorter in the late. As to the county magistrate's promotion, this article is mainly discussd from the standard, speed and the direction of promotion.At the beginning of Ming dynastythe magistrate implemented long-term system; while out in the late magistrate Relocation frequent, and a former magistrate Scholars is promoted fast, easy access to the department's central office platform.The magistrate is hardly mentioned. The fifth part is the discussion of the magistrate functions. Duty of the magistrate focused on the prison, tax allocation, urged Agriculture and plant, setting up schools and conservancy educate, and the public works. Among them, the Ming Dynasty magistrate's policy focuses on schools and encouraging agriculture,but on the tax In the Late Ming.Part VI is the conclusion of the article.To the Ming Dynasty Shandong county magistrate's research, it not only has reflected the Ming Dynasty state institution operation system, also has a benefit to the modern county system's research.