A Study On The Self - Care Ability Of The Elderly Population And The Demand For The Aged Service In Shanghai

This article’s analyses is based on sampling survey data from the questionnaire Investigation on Current Status and will of the aged in Shanghai in five years(1998, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2013),which is collaboration by Shanghai Research Center On Aging and Institute of Urban & Population Development Studies of Shanghai Academy of Social Science.Through the analysis of data,this paper briefly describes the aged population in Shanghai in gender, age structure, the household registration,marital status, educational status, living situation, etc. The analyses also focus on the trend of Activities of Daily Living(ADL) and Instrument Activities of Daily Living(IADL). The research is selected the figures of year 2013 to analyzed the influencing factors of self-care ability of elderly population.According to some existing research,this article has chosen some possible influencing factors to self-care ability of aged population and conclusion of some assumptions, including:(1)The older elderly people has the poorer self-care ability;(2) The aged people with chronic diseases, self-care ability is poor;(3) The aged people who have bad habits of smoking,self-care ability is poor;(4) Aged men self-care ability is better than aged women;(5). The better economic condition aged people have, the better self-care ability they have;(6.) Aged population who have the higher educational level, have the stronger ability of self-care;(7) Aged people who have agricultural domicile are better than whom have not in self-care ability.(8)Aged people who live alone has a better self-care ability;(9)Aged people who has a good score in Self-rated health will has a better self-care ability;(10)Aged people with good cognitive ability usually has self-care ability.The research conclusions as follows:(1) The factors of gender, habits of smoking, and educational level were not significant;(2)The factors of whether suffering from chronic diseases and live status, were in contrast to the research hypothesis;(3)The factors of economic condition, domicile,Self-rated health level and cognitive ability come to the conclusion that the same as the research hypothesis.Combining the conclusion, the aged population condition in Shanghai and the present situation of development of pension, this article summarizes several notable aspects of the pension service system: First of all, Shanghai has A high degree of aging, how to set up a "healthy aging" society is becomes a forward-looking problems.If the older people have a healthy body, not only they will have a high quality life, but also can reduce the burden of the family and society; Second, aged people who live alone facing more heavy problems of economic and health, they need care help and spiritual comfort particularly.Finally, the government and the social welfare department need to make the pension service system perfect, it can establish a mechanism and build a more better pension service market regulation system as the same time.