The Law Of Major Emergencies In The World And Its Enlightenment To China

With the rapid development of economic globalization, many kinds of uncertain and unstable factors which affect national security, public security, environmental security and social order are increased, the number of natural disasters, technical disasters, public health and social security emergencies is raised dramatically, and their damage is also growing. The security problems of social and industry is more and more prominent because of population mobility. Haze is a recent phenomenon in China, otherwise it has also occurred in Britain, France, Germany, Japan and other industrialized countries in the past; Therefore, it can be said that different economies in the development path of human society not only have individuality but generality. China, as Asia and even the world’s largest developing country, should try to avoid the detour that developed and reference countries had taken to achieve sustainable development, if cannot avoid, it needs to understand the serious emergencies they met and emergency management measures they took in order to learn.Based on the EM-DAT database, the paper analyzes the occurrence regularity of serious emergencies across the globe and enlightenment of serious emergencies in developed and reference countries to China. The specific contents are as follows:(1)The main data source of serious emergencies is the EM-DAT database, it introduces the input standard, contents, procedures, methods and problems of EM-DAT database, and other data source concerned in brief;(2) On the basis of obtained data, it analyzes the regularity of 13445 serious emergencies, mainly on the event types and distribution areas. As for event types it analyzes total amount and annual trend; as for regional distribution, it pays attention to the total amount, annual trend, mortality and death rate per hundred million GDP;(3) In the background of global emergencies, according to the estimates of GDP、GDP per capita、urbanization and industrialization in China, it selects some typical developed and developing countries matching with these values, and forecasts Chinese serious emergencies in next few years. It gets that serious emergencies in next decade is led by natural and technical disasters; On the other hand, social security and public health emergencies account for low proportion which show the tendency of longer time on intermittence and persistence, especially social security emergencies, and the uncommon public health emergencies once happens, it will lead to large death toll.Finally, it puts forward suggestions on the emergency management in all kinds of industries in China combined with measures the developed countries took. The specific measures include: the establishment of response mechanisms of serious emergencies caused by uncontrollable factors, strengthening the supervision of emergencies caused by preventable, controllable factors and improve the consciousness and risk factors identification ability of the public.