Study Of Rural Public Goods Supply System

Public goods theory is one of the basic theories of public finance subject. The supply system of rural public goods is the application of public goods theory in rural society and it is a system arrangement that how public finance allocates its rural public resources. Market economy is dominating over the development of agriculture economy throughout the world. But the existence of market failure and the basic status and fragile nature of agriculture make public finance a misunderestimate role in agriculture economy in developed countries. Rural public goods expenditure is always an important content in public finance expenditure of developed countries.China is a great agriculture country. Issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers become revealing day by day because of various historical and realistic causes, thus it has been a neck of the development of entire national economy. Issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers lie in fact in the following four constructions: rural executive system, rural science-education-culture-health, rural capital structure and rural environment. Considering from public finance subject, the four aspects above are all characteristic of obvious public goods. So we think that a core cause is that the revolution of supply system of rural public goods lags behind, which causes conflict between supply and demand for rural public goods. With the variation of the farmers' demands, the present supply system greatly hindered the development of the agriculture economy in the countryside, which made the reformation and innovation of the system essential.It's right that the execution of household contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output has greatly changed the stimulus system of our agriculture production, has liberated rural energy, has changed peasants from producers into producers&dealers, has promoted agriculture development to a great extent. The fact that agriculture increased slowly, even didn't increase any more after year 1984 lied in diminishing marginal productivity which was caused bysystem transit. But a more important factor was that the introduction of farming system shook and collapsed little by little system arrangement which supplied rural public goods in a concentrated way in collective economy, which gave rise to deterioration of public fundamental construction and decreased agriculture productivity substantially. The cause of this is that the disorganization of collective economy and execution of farming system have changed supply and demand for rural public goods in a large scale which leads to unadaption between present system and demand condition.This thesis analyses history and present situation of our rural public goods supply on the basis of public goods theory, generalizes and absorbs research outcome of scholars domestic and overseas, anatomizes present supply system of rural public goods, thereby advances some innovation conceptions. This thesis is composed of five parts so as to make an explication:The first part is to present fundamental theory of rural public goods, aiming at providing the theoretical basis for the following parts. The second part is the historical evolution of supply system of rural public goods. We can have a more deep-going and systematical knowledge on it. The third part is the supply system of rural public goods in some other countries and illustration to us. The fourth part advances some problems of present supply system and makes systematical analysis on it. Four characters of present supply system are: the top-down policy-making mechanism which is dominated by supply aspect and is implemented by executive order; finance mechanism whose cost compensation comes mostly from income beyond the finance system; nonstandard payment mechanism, low efficient usage and management mechanism of rural public goods. The fifth part explicates respectively how to innovate four mechanisms. Then advances some new supply methods, and also put forward that system of tax distribution should be perfected further, so...