On The Innovation Of Rural Public Products Supply System In China

At present, the rural reform of our country has already got into the new stage of the structural reform that aims at the harmonious development of town and country. It becomes an urgent matter to remove the obstacle of the system in the supply of the rural public goods and increase the supply quantity of the public goods. This paper firstly studies some basic theories of the rural public goods which includes the definition, classification and features of the rural public goods, the meaning and component factors of the supply system in rural areas and so on. On the basis of the above theories, this paper studies the institutional changes of the supply of the rural public goods and makes a comparison and analysis of the supply system of the rural public goods between the period from the founding of our country to the reform and the period after the reform and opening. The result indicates that there are some new changes in the current supply system of the rural public goods in our country and the system appears the new trend of the pluralistic subjects initially, but the supply system which conforms to the people commune system has not changed by the root and the system still has some institutional shortcomings, such as the unreasonably divided supply responsibility of the rural public goods, the serious phenomena of the dislocation of the supply subjects, the supply of the rural public goods outside the system, the top-to-bottom policy-making system of the public goods outside the institution, etc. These institutional shortcomings result in the short supply of the rural public goods in our country, the distortion of supply structure,the great different supply level of the public goods between town and country and the state of duality. This paper analyses the possibility of varied supply ways of the public goods from different angles such as the logic of public goods supplied by the governments, the operating costs of the governments, the supply and manufacturing of the public goods and the pluralism of supply subjects, etc, and then makes a comparison between the efficiency of the varied supply ways. The supply model of rural public goods in China should be constructed according to some principles including the combination between the governments and the markets, the definite rights and duties, the consideration which should be given to the bear ability of the peasants and advancing in order. At the moment, the general orientation of the reform in the rural public goods' supply system lies in establishing the supply model which takes the governments as the dominant factors. But restricted by the finance,the difference of partiality and other factors, the central government does not have the ability to supply the public goods to the whole country. Meanwhile, the village governments are not either able to supply the public goods needed by the peasants because of their limited financial ability. So different supply subjects should be chosen according to the characters of the rural public goods and the different beneficial groups. While some par a-public goods with low exclusive cost provided and manufactured by the private capitals should be admitted,the unanimity of the public goods between town and country should be reached and the national treatment should be awarded to the peasants equally. In order to improve the supply efficiency of the rural public goods, a series of institutional innovation should be put into use which mainly includes the following steps: Reducing the government's level and the financial grade. The country governments could be changed into an agency of the county authorities, the organ of state power at the city level could be cancelled and the system of "province controlling county" could be carried out, meanwhile, the supervising and controlling mechanisms could be established, Establishing the financial systems conforming to the supply of the public goods, Reforming the decisive procedure of the supply of the rural public goods and making it changed from "top-bottom" to "bottom-t...