China's Township Government Institutional Reform Study

With the development of China's socialist market economy and the higher demands required by the WTO to China, different level governments are continually simplify the administrative structure and change the function. To the villages and towns, as the lowest local government, how to begin its reform, fit in with the international general trend of administrative reform and the socialist market economy, has become and important task.From the reform and opening up, our government has made great efforts in the organization and structure reform, for 5 times totally from 1982. It cannot be denied that it has made positive role in our administrative system's perfection and society economy's development. But the task of structure reform is still on the way, the expected ideal is still ahead and some difficult problems left are still not solved entirely. Many factors woks together and forms the situation finally, among which the lagging of the theory study is one reason. Till now, the national structure reform has only one form basically, that is canceling and merging organizations and reducing the number of staff. The main aim is to cut down the financial expenses and promote the work efficiency. In fact, the administrative system reform is a great social program including its internal and external factors. From this view, our previous reform seems too simply.During recent years, some experts have begin to study the administrative structure reform and enter into heated disputes. And till now, the most authoritative theory has not established. Some of them stand for canceling the village and town governments, some hold the proposal that we should merge and reduce them, some support reducing the departments and number of the staff, and other many opinions. I think that the study is sill in its initial stage and many aspects are waiting for deep research. My thesis is only an exploratory study or you can say it's just a try.This text analyses the status , characteristic , function of the governments of villages and towns of our country, then makes a general survey of government's historical development of more than 50 years of villages and towns of our country, then analyses the predicament that the governments of villages and towns are in of the present stage .At the end, it studies the obstruction and difficult point of reform in government organization of villages and towns of our country emphatically, and puts forward the countermeasure of deepening reform in government organization of the villages and towns.