The New Third World Country's Foreign Policy Research (1949-1976)

The sino-third world diplomatic policy is one of the most important parts of Chinese diplomacy and its developing process reflects the changes of Chinese diplomatic strategy. Over the years from 1949 to 1976, China persisted in its peaceful diplomatic policy of independence and self-reliance, strived for and maintained world peace, and developed relations with the third-world equally. At the same time China saw the relations with third world as the basic standpoint in its foreign-oriented relations, kept offering support and emphasized the cooperation with them. All these demonstrated that China gave priority to sino- third world relation. After long time attempt and fight, China finally broke the western blockade and encirlement, withstood the great pressure from hegemonism and safeguarded its independence, sovereinty and territorial integrity.Thus China stood steadly and became a force that couldn't be ignored in the complicated intrnational society. Now China is adjusting its diplomatic policy and is accurately analysizing, evaluating and summarizing this period of time. This will benefit us a lot in understanding the time and examining the diplomatic work with developing countries. This is what the theoretical and practical significance of the thesis means.The thesis, on the base of detail analysis on the basic principles and its reason of sino-third world diplomatic policies, considering international and domestic background in late 1970s, deals with the study on the change of the diplomatic poliocies towards third world nations in new China(1949-1976).The policies underwent three phases: From the foundation of new China to the late 1950s, mainly against American-imperialism, initiating the five principles of peaceful coexistence; From late 1950s to the end of 1960s, mainly against American and Russian hegemonism, supporting greatly the fight of anti-colonialism; The end of the 1960s to the mid 1970s, mainly uniting the third world to build up the united front of anti-Russian hegemonism.The policies from 1949 to 1976 to the third world had both gain and loss, sucessful experience and faulty lesson. The sucessful practice of the five principles of peaceful coexistence achieved great achievement in guiding the relation between China and the third world while the implement of revolutionary diplomacy caused severe damage to the sino-third world relation. Chinese sefishless support to the just cause against imperialism, colonialism and hegemonism of the third world raised China's international prestige while dividing nations by both ideology and big nations influenced the relation and thus caused China to fall into isolation. Aids to foreign countries advanced the development of the the political and diplomatic relation between China and the third worl and won the support from developing countries while the aid lost contact with the reality of our nation power, which failed to help improve the people's living standard in China. All these experience and lessons gave us a lot in China's diplomatic policies in the new period. The five principles of peaceful coexistence should be the basic norms of long-term diplomatic policies between China and the third world. Developing the diplomatic relation with the third world should be based on mutual benefit, and both the cooperative fields and ways with the third world countries should be altered according to the change of international situations. The aid to foreign countries should not only help them overcome difficulties but also help them strenghen its ability of independent development.