Urban And Rural Public Service Equalization Comparative Analysis And Countermeasures Research

With the development of continuous economic and the growing of social progress, the demand for basic public services in society showed overall growth trend. However, due to Chinese huge land area, the regional economic gap, the supply of public services between urban and rural areas is quite different. The public, especially rural residents required to the improvement of the quality and quantity of public services. Equalization of urban and rural public services is becoming the focus of people debating. It is becomes the important constraints of constructing well-off society and promoting social coordinate development. The resolution of several important problems of the Central Committee of the CPC constructing socialistic harmonious society, which passed in the Sixteenth Session of the Sixth Central Committee of CCP, pointed that the government should strengthen the leading function of basic public services, improve public finance system, and gradually realizing equalization of basic public services. With the development of the theory and practice of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas, it will ease the previous social problems. It is a suitable starting point and effective way to realize our society balanced development, and will promote the economic and society of the country coordinating, healthy, and harmonious and sustainable development.Firstly, the author sorted and reviewed the equalization of urban and rural public services, and summarized the relevant theory. In this article, it introduced the concept and classification of public services and public services in urban and rural areas, analyzed the concept and significance of equalization of basic public services and equalization of public services in urban and rural areas. After completion of the theoretical conclusion, the author analyzed the situation of our equalization of public services in urban and rural areas, which mainly from the social security system, the compulsory education, the public health services and the basic facilities. The author analyzed the causes deeply, such as serious urban and rural dual structure, unreasonable financial system, unclear power and responsibility between governments, unreasonable supply mechanism. The author learned from the experiences of reducing the gap of regional public services in America, Canada, and Germany, through summarizing, pointed that improving regional financial transfer payment system, reasonable dividing the power of affair and finance of every grade government, promoting the economic development of underdeveloped area, and improving legal protection. After a detailed description of above, in order to resolve the big problem of the differences between urban and rural public service effectively, the author pointed out that establishing a coordination of urban and rural public service system in government leading, clear government responsibility; optimizing the transfer payment structure, correcting the vertical and horizontal imbalance between governments; introducing competition mechanisms, establishing multi-supply system of basic public services in urban and rural areas; and developing cultural development under the socialist system, supporting mechanisms for the establishment of culture. Though these researches and strategies, the author hope to speeding up the process of integration of urban and rural public services. To realize equalization of public services in urban and rural areas, it will improve the level of public services in rural areas supply, improve the level of living standard of farmers, maintain social stability and promote the whole national economic sustainable, speedy, and heath developing.