Western Urban And Rural Public Service Equalization And Allocation Efficiency Evaluation Of Public Services

Strengthening social development and the promotion of public serviceequalization between regional, urban and rural is an inherent requirement of publicfinance reform. Since the reform and opening up, China has created and accumulateda lot of wealth, at the same time the distribution of social resources also appearuneven. The issues of social undertakings lags and public services imbalancedbetween urban and rural are prominent, especially in western China. This articlecombine the equalization of public services with the allocation efficiency of publicinvestment, analyzes the problem of public services imbalance between urban andrural in western China. First, measure the gap of public services between urban andrural through the evaluation system; Secondly,by the allocation efficiency evaluationmodel, from the perspective of capital allocation efficiency to explain the disparity ofthe western region’s public services; Finally, based on analysis of urban and ruralpublic service impact factors, structure panel data regression model by choosing asuitable proxy variable, to explore the relationship between the equalization of publicservices and the allocative efficiency as well as public services impact factors.Against the status and problems of public services between region and rural in thewestern, propose appropriate policy recommendationsIn this paper, using variation coefficient method to synthesis the equalizationComposite Index, which is to evaluate the public service differences, which theweight is constituted by Entropy Coefficient and AHP. The Evaluation index systemincludes four categories, which are basic education (compulsory education), healthcare, social security and infrastructure, each category contains eight subcategories.As the starting point, from static and dynamic to decompose public investmentallocative efficiency, the static aspects main reveal technical efficiency and scaleefficiency, the dynamic aspects major to reveal upgrade efficiency. By analyzing theconclusions following:(1)The public service gap between urban and rural of westernis greater than eastern and central regions. Inter-annual comparison of the data shows that the gap between urban and rural in the central region is gradually reduced,nationwide as well as eastern and western regions showed a trend of expansion.(2)The calculation results of the western each provinces show that between urban andrural the equalization Composite Index and each individual indicators index are quitedifferent. The public services of compulsory education and infrastructure is relativelybalanced in western urban and rural, while it has poor condition on health care andsocial security.(3) From the view of dynamic changes, in the western region, thesituation of allocative public has not been significantly improved. From a staticdifferences point of view, each province’s public service capital allocation efficiencyare quite different in western region. In western region, public investment’s level andimprove efficiency is lower than the East Midlands, regional disparity between publicservice will further widen. But sum up, allocative efficiency of public investment, thewestern region has a large room for improvement.(4) Ideas, location factors, the levelof economic development, urban-rural dual economic structure, the current system ofpublic finance, urban and rural public service delivery mechanisms, the legal systemrelated to equalization of public services, allocative efficiency of public investmentand other factors could affect the balanced development of urban and rural publicservices. Weaken the urban-rural dual economic structure and improving economicgrowth will significantly promote the balanced development of urban and rural publicservices, improving efficiency is a prerequisite for increase capital investment, therole of external economic stimulus policies for improve the urban-rural gap isindirect.(5) In general, overall the gap of public service development between westernregion and East Midlands is large, the difference between the western provinces andthe difference between the urban and rural are also very obvious, however, allocativeefficiency of public investment in the western region does not significantly superiorin the eastern and central regions. Can break the urban and rural economic structure,enhance the economic strength, improve the efficiency of capital allocation andcomplemented by appropriate economic stimulus policies, thereby reducing thepublic services development gap between regions and urban and rural.