Study On The Influence Of Physical Activity Level On Balance Ability Of Old Women And Related Factors

Objective:On the basis of exploring the effect of age on older women balance ability, the effect of physical activities on older women balance ability and relevant factor were further studied.Methods:In the residential area and activity place of Nanjing, health questionnaire and physical activity questionnaire were surveyed on older women of 61 to 70 years old, according to the results, a valid test sample of 120 people with equal age distribution and physical activity level was selected. The morphological indexes(height, weight, hip), static balance index(eye-closed and single-legged standing), dynamic balance index(eye-closed and marking time) and other indexes related to balance ability including vestibular function(vestibular stepping test), proprioception(absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint), muscle function(grip, repeated 5 times sit up)were tested on the 120 research object. Difference examination between-group was conducted by One-Way ANOVA, correlation test between physical activity and balance function and other related indexes were conducted by Pearson Correlation analyze.Results:(1) Compared with the group of 61 to 65 years old, there was a very significant difference in grip test index of the group of 66 to 70 years old(p<0.01); there were a significant difference in the indexes of absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint, relative skeletal muscle mass index, vestibular stepping test, time of repeated 5 times sit up, time of eye-closed and single-legged standing, time of eye-closed and marking time(p<0.05), no significant difference in the BMI.(2) Compared with low physical activity level group, there was no significant difference in the indexes of static and dynamic balance ability in moderate physical activity level group(p>0.05); the high physical activity level group had a significant difference in the indexes of dynamic balance ability(p<0.05)and a very significant difference in the indexes of static balance ability(p<0.01).(3) Compared with low physical activity level group, there was a significant difference in the indexes of relative skeletal muscle mass(RSMI)and the time of repeated 5 times sit up(p<0.05), no significant difference in BMI, grip, absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint, vestibular stepping test(p>0.05); there was a significant difference in the BMI, grip, absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint in the high physical activity level group(p<0.05), and a very significant difference in the RSMI, grip, vestibular stepping test(p<0.01).(4) Physical activity level had a positive correlation with RSMI and grip(r=0.324,0.371, p<0.01), and a negative correlation with repeated 5 times sit up, absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint, vestibular stepping test(r=-0.240,-0.219,-0.257,-0.261, p<0.05 or p<0.01). Eye-closed and single-legged standing had a positive correlation with RSMI and grip(r=0.331,0.587, p<0.05 or p<0.01), and a negative correlation with repeated 5 times sit up, absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint, vestibular stepping test(r=-0.451,-0.148,-0.267,-0.203, p<0.05 or p<0.01). eye-closed and marking time had a positive correlation with RSMI and grip(r=0.284,0.302, p<0.05), and a negative correlation with 5 times sit up, absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint, vestibular stepping test(r=-0.347,-0.245,-0.171,-0.103, p<0.05 or p<0.01).Conclusions:(1) Compared with the group of 61 to 65 years old, the group of 66 to 70 years old had a significant reduction in skeletal muscle gross, muscle strength, proprioception, and organ function of vestibule.(2) Compared with low physical activity level group, moderate level physical activity had no effect on static and dynamic balance ability; high physical activity could enhance the dynamic balance ability of older women significantly and the static balance ability very significantly.(3) Compared with low physical activity level group, moderate level physical activity could enhance the muscle strength of lower limbs significantly, high level physical activity could enhance the muscle strength of lower limbs, proprioception function of knee joint and ankle joint significantly, and enhance the muscle strength of upper limbs, function of vestibule very significantly.(4) The correlation between static and dynamic balance ability and muscle strength was higher than absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint, vestibular stepping test and the correlation between static balance ability and ankle joint was high. The correlation between physical activity level and skeletal muscle mass and function was higher than vestibular stepping test, absolute error of knee joint and ankle joint.Suggestions:It is advised that the older women should improve the balance ability by enhancing muscle strength exercise in daily life, and improve the function of muscle, proprioception and vestibule roundly though enhancing physical activity level, so as to delay the attenuation in balance function caused by aging.