Higher Education Equalization Of Opportunities For Research

Along with China's higher education development, the problem of equality of higher educational matriculation opportunity has been causing wide public concern day by day. The equality of higher educational matriculation opportunity is one means of the realization of fairness and justice in the whole society. Based on the nature of public goods in higher education, it is responsible for government to guarantee the equality of higher educational matriculation opportunity through regulative methods. Detailed studies of this problem on the basis of common management will be carried out in this paper.This paper consists of five parts. The first part clarifies the origin of the problem, key concepts and correlation theories cited in this paper. Literature reviews, as well as the investigated subjects and the research methods of this paper are discussed in the last of this part. The second part is about the empirical study of the present situation of the equality of higher educational matriculation opportunity in China. It spreads out between different districts, social stratums, as well as different city and countryside situations respectively. The results indicated that, the opportunity of higher education between city and countryside, different districts and social stratums in China is not equal. Besides, along with society's development, this kind of imparity will have different changes as well. The third part mainly presents the analysis of factors affecting the equality of higher educational matriculation opportunity from aspects of economy, cultural, system and artificial factors respectively. It is showed that, there are several adverse effects to the equality of higher educational matriculation opportunity in China, such as the disequilibrium of state economy, the discrepancy of domestic economic income, the difference of social family culture, the city and countryside dualistic structure, the recruitment and enrollment system, the system of education fees charging and the artificial corruptions, etc. The fourth part provides a detailed description of the successful examples of developed countries, which are good at higher education, such as United States, Grated Britain, Japan, and Germany etc. The endeavor of improving the equality of higher educational matriculation opportunity made by those countries is presented. Furthermore, the successful experiences of those countries have been summarized in the hope of benefiting China's higher education. The last part is the most important part of this paper. It points out China's way choice of the equality of higher educational matriculation opportunity on the basis of the macro policy in common management. The way choice contains value pursue and reality choice, government investment and resource allocation, scale development and equal opportunity, system improvement and opportunity compensation.