Research On The Innovation Of Community Ecological Compensation Mechanism With Multi - Participation

With the rapid development of China’s economy and the promotion of new-type urbanization and industrialization, the natural ecological system is facing unprecedented pressure, and so is the coordination of population, economy, society and environment. In addition, there is a high degree of correlation between the poverty-stricken areas and the fragile ecological areas in our country, which shows a high consistency in the geographical spatial distribution. Therefore, the deterioration of the ecological environment not only presents itself as environmental problems, but even becomes a serious social problem. The poverty caused by the ecological environment has become an important factor that hinders the social harmony. In order to reverse the trend of ecological deterioration, we need to compensate the people who provide ecological protection service.Ecological environment has different levels of public goods attributes, involving different levels of stakeholders. Ecosystem services are often more closely related to the interests of the local, and regulatory functions and support functions are often associated with human interests in regional, national, and even global scale, and cultural functions have close relationship with the local- global scale stakeholders. How to balance the project of ecological compensation in order to achieve multiple dynamic social and ecological goals? How to enhance the engagement of the ecological compensation plan; strengthen the commitment to participate through managing objectives, changing the concept and incentives or other methods? These problems are the key issues that we need to solve at present.First of all, the key issues and trends of ecological compensation at home and abroad were sorted out. Based in domestic and international ecological compensation theory research and practice experience, studying from three latitudes: the definition of ecological compensation, ecological compensation system and mechanism construction, community ecological compensation, the research status of ecological compensation are reviewed. Scholars at home and abroad emphasize the importance of the heterogeneity of the individual in the design of compensation mechanism, and pay more attention to the influence of the decision of participants on the effect of the promotion plan which provides a great help to our analysis of the operation mechanism of community ecological compensation with multi participations.Secondly, the concept of ecological compensation is defined, so as the basic theory of the sustainable development theory, external theory, public goods theory, stakeholder theory, ecological capital and ecological compensation theory, and on this basis, the community, community ecological compensation, participatory concept, community participation in ecological compensation related concepts and theories are analyzed. Finally, the third kinds of order and mechanism of the governance on public affairs-- "multi center" governance theory is selected to analyze the community ecological compensation mechanism trying to find theoretical support for the multi participation in the community ecological compensation mechanism.Again, the Chinese traditional rural communities, which have great ecological value, are selected—Guanba village, Pingwu, Sichuan, as an empirical analysis of the object. Based on the data collected by field survey and semi structural interview, this study summarizes the social, economic and ecological background of the study area(Pingwu), and the practice of ecological compensation in the village, including promoting the compensation of large-scale ecological projects by government and using NGO as a link to direct or indirect compensation in the external market. Then the effectiveness of the ecological compensation and the existing problems are analyzed, and the future improvement direction and related conclusions are presented.Finally, the purpose and principle of ecological compensation mechanism are analyzed, analyzing the vital operation mechanisms, putting forward the basic framework of its construction, and the countermeasures and suggestions on building community ecological compensation mechanism with multi participations.