| Gardenia jasminoides belongs to genus Gardenia of Rubiaceae family, and was distributed in the south of Yangtze River. The mature fruits of G. jasminoides are the Chinese traditional medicine,having the effect of iatric and sanitarian, and the fruits also contain the gardenia yellow.Gardenia flowers are used to eat and extract essential oil.Therefore, G. jasminoides Ellis was widely studied and introduced into other places as a commercial tree.Comparative analysis and evaluation have been carried out on vegetative growth traits, flowering characters, fruit characters and growth dynamics, concentration of effective components of 6 G. jasminoides local cultivars. The major conclusions are as follows:(1) The nutritional growth characters in cultivars showed significant variation and can be used as cultivars separation and identification of one of the important basis. Tree height, crown width ,branches, shoot length and width have different degrees of variation in cultivars. Leaf length, leaf width and leaf area of G. jasminoides had extremely significant difference between cultivars. The average coefficient of variance of leaves characteristics are from 9.97% to 50.98%.The variation of leaf traits among cultivars has come from leaf area, leaf width and leafstalk length.(2) In Jiangxi area, although the initial blossom of some cultivars occurred first blossomed in later April, which of most cultivars was observed in May. The length of flowering period and the speed of blooming are different among cultivars."Zaohong"98 blossomed firstly ,"Jinzhi"number 2 and G. jasminoides Ellis f. logicarpa blossomed latest. Varieties of floral morphological differents also exist in varying degrees. There were significant differences in petal corolla size, pistil length and stamen. The largest coefficient of variation of characters is stamen length, the smallest are the number of petals and stamen.(3) Gardenia fruit is effective part. Extremely significant differences are found according to the study on fruit traits of G. jasminoides from six cultivars.The result showed that the quantity characters such as transect and vertical diameter of fruit, the weight of fruit. The fruit weight variation is biggest, followde by the longitudinal diameter of fruit, sepal length and fruit length, fruit diameter and the smallest variation is fruit shape index. Morphological variation in the fruit has great significance, indicating that the genetic improvement of gardenia is broad prospects for the selection of superior breeding materials provide a solid foundation.(4)To develop an HPLC method with multiple wavelength ultraviolet detection for the simultaneous determination of Geniposide, Chlorogenic Acid and Crocin-I in Fructus Gardeniae. The samples were separated on a Waters XBrige C18 column (250mm×4.6mm,5μm),by a gradient elution using acetonitrile and 0.4% phosphoric acid as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The eluate was detected by multiple wavelength 238nm for Geniposide, 327nm for Chlorogenic Acid, and 440nm for Crocin-I, column temperature 30℃. The assay demonstrated that the method is simple, rapid and reproducible for the quality control of Fructus Gardeniae.This research has the first time using visible spectrophotometry when determinate pigment composition, according to the experimental and literature to establish the best extraction program.(5) Combined the biological characters and the components of G. jasminoides, based on principal components analysis, different variance types were partitioned and evaluated.As genuine producing region of G. jasminoides, Jiangxi has six variaties with higher content of geniposide than Chinese pharmacopoeia standard, which can be used primarily as a Chinese medicine. Jinzhi No.2 and Changjiang No.1 has not only high pigment content, but also has a high content of geniposide, regardless of extracting color or as a Chinese medicine can be all fully used. So they had economy value, adapting to generalize and plant widely. Jinzhi No.1 and Ganxiang No.1 are fit for Chinese traditional medicine because they have high content of geniposide. Zaohong98 and G.jasminoides Ellis f. logicarpa contain high levels of pigment content so they are fit for getting high-quality gardenia yellow. G.jasminoides Ellis f. logicarpa has not only the highest pigment content, but also has a high content of geniposide, can also be used as a Chinese medicine according to the actual need. |
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