Apple Pollination Technology And The Influence Of Fruit Setting And Quality On 'Fuji' Apple By Pollination

Fuji apple is the major productive cultivars in our country and the areas of Loess Plateau,but poor pollination and fertilization has become the main factor influencing the improvementof orchard yield and quality in recent years. While the expansion application of effectiveassisted pollination technology is important to promote apple yield and quality of Fuji apple.Therefore, this study mainly focus on those follow aspects as the production and storage ofapple pollen, the influence of fruit setting and quality on 'Fuji' apple by assisted pollinationtechnology and pollination from2011to2012in apple producing areas of loess plateau,Shanxi province. In order to establish simple and practical assisted pollination technologysystem in Fuji apple orchard for reference through experiments and practice experience. Themain research results obtained as follows:1. Taking Fuji trees as pollination objects, pollen was provided by other five commoncultivars include Qin guan, Gala, Pink Lady, Starkrimson and Golden Delicious. Among thosecultivars, Pink Lady was not suitable as pollination cultivars because the ability of producingpollen by Pink Lady was the weakest and the pollen vitality and the affinity to Fuji wererelatively low. While Qin guan and Gala could be regarded as the main pollination cultivarsand used as pollen collection and production during the assisted pollination technology usedin Fuji apple.2. In the store of apple pollen, temperature has a significant effect on the storage time ofpollen. At the normal temperature, the effective storage time of the apple pollen is about15days; in the4℃, its storage time is80days; but in the-20℃, its vigor is still satisfied with theneeds of pollination.3.Apple pollen production process is consist of important links, such as flowerscollection, anther abscission, anther subtraction, anther seasoning, pollen extract and pollenpacking, etc. Flower acquisition period and temperature and time of the anther seasoning arethe important factors which influence the quality of pollen. To assure the quality of pollenproduction, flower collection should choose flowers of large bud stage, anther seasoningshould indoors natural dry in the shade out of direct sunlight, indoor temperature should keepat about25℃, keep air relative humidity below30%; In addition, the thickness of antherduring sun drying should not be more than10mm. 4. Artificial pollination can improve the fruit setting rate of Fuji, reduce the fruitskewness. Comprehensive comparison of several methods of pollination, liquid pollinationmethod is better than powder spraying method and can obviously reduce the dosage of pollen.This method compared with artificial point method is time-saving and underwork. It could bea widespread method of high efficient pollination and suitable for extensive promotion.