The Study Of Soviet Policy In Xinjiang In The Period Of Xinjiang's Peaceful Liberation

The Sino-Soviet relations and Soviet policy toward China in the 20th century have attracted the attention of academic cirlces at home and broad in these years and some achievements have been made at the same time too.Xinjiang has a long border with the former Soviet Union and Soviet policy toward Xinjiang is closely related with Xinjiang's social stability and economic development,especially in the period of Xinjiang's Peaceful Liberation (XPL).The study takes Soviet policy toward Xinjiang in the period of XPL as the object to reveal the reason and motive of Soviet Union against the background of the Sino-Soviet relations.The study has five parts: the first part is the significance of this topic, the current research situation at home and broad, researdch methodology and the limitation of this research.The second part mainly reviews the former Soviet Union's policy toward Xinjiang from the moment of April 12th Coup to May 1949. In this period, Soviet policy is to get acquaiented with Xinjiang's local government, and sometimes even foster a pro-Soviet regime by force so as to safegrard Soviet interests in Xinjiang.These, objectively, accelerated Xinjiang's economic development and social improvment indirectly.The third part is that Soviet Union changed its wavering policy between Kuomingtang and Communist Party, and helped and supported the Communist Party's peaceful liberation of Xinjiang as Liberation War situation gradually got clear, especially after Liu Shaoqi's secret visit of Soviet Union in May 1949.The fourth part: Soviet Union, after its policy change toward Xinjiang, changed its attitude in Three Regions from previous efforts of controlling to the support of Three Regions'revolution under the leadship of Chinese Communist Party, helped CCP to found and strengthen regime in Xinjiang.The fifth part: after Xinjiang's peaceful liberation and even the founding of People's Republic of China, Soviet Union still didn't give up its special interests in Xinjiang, but simply changed the way of achieving its interests at the time of assistting Chinese construction. By surveying the history of Soviet changing policy toward Xinjiang, we can conclude that Soviet policy toward Xinjiang seems unpredicetable on surface, but these changes all base on Soviet national interests and strategic security considerations.Soviet change of policy toward Xinjiang has a significant impact on Xinjiang's economy and social stability.