| Objective:To test the indicators of energymetabolism of quiet state and movement state on general health of the crowd at the four periods of one day(morning fasting, after breakfast ,Lunch and dinner 22.5h), The relationship between biological rhythms and energymetabolism was explored,To study the law of variation for providing a theoretical basis for fitness exercise and the general public.Methods: 8 healthy male adults volunteered for study, Energymetabolism changes were tested during the quiet state and exercise in the morning fasting, morning, afternoon and evening.The main indicators of physiological were air flow(VE), oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory quotient (RER), total energy expenditure (EE), consumption of carbohydrates (CHO), fat consumption (FAT), the subjective feeling of fatigue (RPE), body temperature; Biochemical indicators were blood glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), liothyronine (T3) , testosterone (T), corticosteroid (COR ), insulin (INS), growth hormone (GH) and so on.Results: (1) The features of rhythms at quiet state: Body temperature was lowest in the morning fasting and the highest (2.4%) in the evening; Energymetabolism was the lowest in the morning fasting and the highest in the afternoon(p<0.05); T3 and GH had no difference in the four periods; COR and T showed significant changes in rhythm,The level were highest in the morning fasting ,Then morning,afternoon,evening followed by decreasing; GLU was the lowest in the moring fasting,INS was lower in the morning fasting than in the morning, TG was lower in the morning fasting than in the afternoon.(2) The features of rhythms of movement in different periods:All of VE, VO2, VCO2, HR, EE, CHO were the lowest in the morning fasting and highest in the afternoon, Comparison of two time periods, respectively, a difference of 6.5%, 4.4%, 5.9%, 3.7%, 5.1%, 7.5%; FAT was the highest in the morning and the lowest in the afternoon (-15.1%); RPE was the highest in the morning fasting and the lowest in afternoon, (p <0.05); T and COR were the highest in the morning fasting ,Then morning afternoon and evening followed by decreasing(p<0.05); T3, GH, INS, GLU have no difference at four periods, TG was the highest in the afternoon and the lowest in the morning fasting.(3) The difference of physiological characteristics between movement state and the quiet state:The difference of VE was the lowest in the morning fasting and the highest in the evening(5.4%);All of the difference of VO2,VCO2,EE were the lowest in the morning and the highest in the evening, Comparison of the two time periods, respectively, a difference of 3.7%, 5.1%, 4.1%; The difference of HR was the highest in the morning fasting and the lowest in the morning (-7.2%); The difference of CHO was the lowest in the morning and the highest in the afternoon (10.2 %).Conclusions: (1) The changes of body temperature, air flow, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide excretion, insulin levels, the material and total energy consumption showed that energymetabolism was the lowest in the morning fasting and the highest in the afternoon in the quiet state at four periods of the day.(2) Liothyronine and growth hormone had no difference in the quiet state at four periods; corticosteroid and testosterone showed significant changes in rhythm, The highest level of corticosteroid and testosterone were in the morning fasting ,Then morning, afternoon, evening followed by gradually reduced; Liothyronine and testosterone increased after exercise, corticosteroid and insulin decreased after exercise , growth hormone had no difference compared with the quiet state after exercise in the One-time mild to moderate intensity exercise; The four periods compared with eachother has the same variation as quiet state.(3) The level of air flow, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide excretion, the material and the total energy consumed were the greatest change in the afternoon or 2～2.5 hours after dinner in different periods in the mild to morderate intensity exercise, But fat consumption was the highest in the morning, Subjective feeling of fatigue were the lowest in the afternoon .(4)To analysis the effects of physical exercise in four periods of one day from the perspective of energymetabolism, the energy metabolism was highest in the afternoon and evening during exercise;The blood glucose was lower in the morning fasting,The hypoglycemia and the aged should be cautious to exercise in the morning fasting. |
