Research Based On ESI Into The Science And Technology Competitiveness Of The "985 Project" Universities

With the rapid development of worldwide science and technology, quite a few different new technologies began to emerge, leading the trend of the technological revolution. All powers in the world are competing, at the cost of enormous amount of capital, for the right of speech in terms of technology. Thus, it's highly required to accelerate the advancement of science and technology in China under such circumstance. Universities, especially ones of'985 Project'play an important role in the system of promoting science and technology. It's practically significant to conduct research into competitiveness among universities of'985 Project'and have a clear view of current situation of their scientific and technological innovation, in order to define the direction of development and build world-class universities. According to ISI-based ESI database which is widely used internationally, this paper is intended to study the scientific and technological competitiveness among universities through the way of statistical analysis, universities of'985 Project'being chosen as the research object.The general picture, structures and functions of ESI are introduced in the beginning. The application of ESI in research of scientific and technological competitiveness among universities, as well as index systems, is presented in addition.Seven items of index in relation to ESI papers in'985 Project'universities are elaborated in detail, and three ESI disciplines including Engineering are involved. Based on the index system of scientific and technological competitiveness,'985 Project'universities are divided into four levels, according to the calculation results of their competitiveness. Besides, through analysis of scientific and technological competitiveness of'985 Project'universities, this paper expounds characteristics and discrepancies of their competitiveness from four levels respectively.Furthermore, the research also takes an international perspective, comparing ESI index of 17 worldwide universities including University of California-Berkeley, with that of 18'985 Project'universities. The gap of universities in China between world universities at varied levels, as well as the gap in respect of faculty and technological input, is also studied.The concluding part proposes strategies of strengthening competitiveness, and suggestions of construction related to discipline, talents team, innovational base and science research management.