Driving Mechanism Research On The Development Of China's Forest Farmers' Cooperation Organization

After the reform of collective forest right system, famers not only won the ownership of forestry, but also gained the right to use forest land and to operate it independently. To resolve the problems that forest land property right scattered after the reform of forestry, the low level forestry management of single forestry famer and contradiction between thousands of small families and the large market, all regions take promoting the forest scale management of collective forest as an important complementary reform measure, on the basis of farmers voluntary, establishing various of new forest farmers'cooperation organization. Researching the main types and characteristics of cooperation organizations and analyzing the established drive mechanism of cooperation organizations, which are very important for strengthening the management, standard operation and working policies of forest farmers'cooperation organization.In this paper, our research based on these theory: organization theory, organization and environment adaptation theory, behavior theory, transaction cost theory, economy of scale theory, the logic of collective action theory and the group psychology effect theory, and choose two regions of Fujian province. We have researched on the main types, development trends, establishment driving mechanism and problems of forest farmers'cooperation organization and made the following conclusions.(1)The types and characteristics of forest farmers'cooperation organization. From organization system, the forest farmers'cooperation organization is classified into four types: stock cooperation system, cooperation system, association system and mutual aid system. The specific forms are shareholding cooperation forest which owner is the village as a unit, shareholding cooperation forest which owner is the family as a unit, professional cooperation, professional associations, etc. They show different characteristics. Although they are different in function, application scope, establishment of background, development course, etc, but there are some common features on professionalism, independency, democracy and economy. (2)The development trends of forest farmers'cooperation organization. From the survey results, we get conclusion that the development trend of forest farmers'cooperation organization is diversified. The organization morphology, distribution mechanisms, establishment background, problems and operators are diversity.(3)Impetus mechanism of forest farmers'cooperation organization. Under the interaction of the original driving force, the initial motivation and ultimately choice of farmers on the cooperative approach, forest farmers'cooperation organization is established. The original driving force include: farmers need, capable person driving, organizations promoting and policy guidance. Farmers need is the internal power; capable person driving and organizations promoting are direct power; law and policy, the attention and strong support of the government department are external power. Achieving scale management and solving problems left after the reform of collective forest right system are the main reasons of establishment of shareholding cooperation forest which owner is the villages as a unit; overcoming the forest right decentralized and improving the efficiency are the main reasons of establishment of shareholding cooperation forest which owner is the family as a unit; realizing the product's value and enjoying preferential policies are the main reasons of establishment of professional cooperation; developing self services and increasing the market coping ability are the main reasons of establishment of professional associations, etc. The choice of cooperation organization is mainly divided into autonomy choice and independent choice. Whether they participate in cooperation organization is effected by family labor, operation ability, market coping ability, scale, cognition and so on. Which type they participate in is effected by tree species, forest products processing demand and the degree of market, cooperation organization property arrangement, distribution mechanism, management level, services and so on.(4) Problems and solutions. The main problems of the external environment and internal mechanisms include: policy orientation and operational difference affect the diversified development of forest farmers'cooperation organization; cognitive biases of administrative departments and famers affect the standardization of forest farmers'cooperation organization; lack of internal standard management and capability also affect the development of forest farmers'cooperation organization. In this paper we have put forward some constructive suggestions or countermeasures of above problems. First, change the policy guidance, promote the diversified development of forest farmers'cooperation organization; second, strengthen the supervision and management, promote the standardization of forest farmers'cooperation organization; third, strengthen the ability construction, promote the sustainable development of forest farmers'cooperation organization; fourth, adhere to the principles of voluntary participation, ensure the healthy and orderly development of forest farmers'cooperation organization; fifth, implement support policy, improve the development strength and social status of forest farmers'cooperation organization.