The Supply Of Rural Little-scale Water Conservancy Facilities In China

China is an agriculture giant and irrigation is the lifeline of agriculture. Irrigation and water conservancy is the infrastructure of both agriculture and the development of rural economy. It plays a very important role in many aspects: improving production condition, ensuring sustained and steady increase of agriculture and rural economy, elevating living standards of peasants, protecting regional ecological environment. Therefore, the construction of irrigation and water conservancy infrastructure should be strengthened. It directly bears upon the sustainable use of water resources, the security of grain production and the stability of domestic and foreign environment.During the half past century, the construction of irrigation and water conservancy in our country has gone through three stages:the stage of the system of planned economy, the reform of rural economic system and the reform of rural tax system. It has achieved the investment in the construction of irrigation and water conservancy and speed up the pace of the construction of farmland and water conservancy facilities. Successful as it is, with the further development of production force and production relation, a lot of problems have appeared.In recent years, our country has suffered from several droughts, according to the records, since 2002, there were 10 large and extra large droughts on agricultural production, resulted in a very negative impact to the state and brought huge economic losses. Analysis of the causes of drought, one important factor is China's water conservancy facilities, especially little-scale water conservancy facilities in rural areas and agricultural production is most closely related to a serious shortage of supply of small-scale water conservancy facilities. On one hand, our country is lack of water resources, dry area accounts for about 45% of total land area, more than half of the cultivated land is still in the "rely on" situation, rural water conservancy construction severely restricts the development of China. One of the major restraining factors is the undersupply of rural hydraulic infrastructure which is incapable of meeting the requirement of rural production and peasant life. On one hand, because of the frequent drought threat attributed to the shortage of water resource in China, it is self-evident that rural hydraulic infrastructure is of great significance to agricultural production. On the other hand, since the implementation of market-oriented growth, China's rural hydraulic infrastructure has been in an embarrassing situation which is mainly manifested by the following aspects. First, national capital input focuses on large-scale water conservancy facilities. Second, peasants'enthusiasm about volunteering for coral hydraulic infrastructure slacked off quickly. Third, the effect of supply pattern dominated by the government has vanished gradually and there exist unbalances among other sorts of supply pattern. Therefore, there is necessity to make an in-depth analysis of China's supply of water conservancy facilities hydraulic infrastructure has been in an embarrassing situation which is mainlyThe paper consists of seven chapters. Chapter 1 mainly introduces the background, definitions, research logic and main contents, methodology, innovation and deficiencies. Chapter 2 is about literature reviews, which summarize and make comments on previous study on rural hydraulic infrastructure at home and abroad. Chapter 3 is review the history of water conservancy construction of different period. Chapter 4 deals with theoretical analysis, define the concept of little-scale water conservancy facilities and summarizes the characteristics. Chapter 5 contains analysis of current situation and gives a summary of overall scale. Chapter 6 summed up the experience of the water conservancy construction; include India, Japan, Israel, Spaniard and Taiwan. In Chapter 7, we put forward the related policy suggestion.This paper gives some suggestions to the development of little-scale water conservancy in present situation. These suggestions contain clarifying mainstay of the investment in construction of water conservancy facilities, building a sustainable investment channel, government should t making a clear function to organize and guide the construction of water conservancy facilities, strengthening and standardizing the management of funds and quickening the step of reform the management.