Analysis On Farmer's Family Energy Consumption Surrounding Nature Reserve

Ecological deterioration is a common problem that the whole world faces, Establishing nature reserves is one of the most important ways to protect the ecological system. There have some contradiction among the nature reserve establishment, local economic development and the living of surrounding community residents. Among them, the energy consumption structure of the surrounding community has important influence on the effective protection of nature reserves. Fuel wood is one of the traditional energy resources for farmers'living in nature reserves. The heavy use of fuel wood imposes large pressure on forest resources of the nature reserves and it will damage to the ecological environment.This study takes zhejiang province as the research object. On the basis of the comparison and analysis of the condition of different grade nature reserves, different locations in the same reserves and different levels of economic development, and the differences of energy consumption structures used by farmers in the nature reserve surrounding communities. With the econometric methods, the author analyzes the main decisive factors which affect to the farmers'energy (especially fuel wood) consumption structures.Research results show that: (1) Take the view of types and structures on energy use, fuel wood is the most major energy among the nature reserve surrounding farmers. The electricity and gas are also used commonly, the use of clean energy like solar and biogas are relatively a little. (2) Take the view of source and usage, the fuel wood of farmers in nature reserve surroundings mainly rely on their own collection, the proportion of purchase it is small, and the main use of it is cooking and heating. (3) There have some differences about the utilization level of fuel wood of farmers in different grades of nature reserves and different locations in the same nature reserve, but these differences are not obvious; the different income levels of farmers almost have no differences in the utilization of fuel wood. (4) The households whether use energy-saving wood stoves or not has the remarkable effect on fuel wood usage. Generally speaking, the fuel wood usage about farmers who use the energy-saving wood stoves will decline about 29% than who do not use.Based on the above research results, this study suggests that: (1) It should take effective measures to promote energy utilization structure transition around the nature reserves surrounding farmers. The study shows that measures like promoting the use of energy-saving wood stoves could reduce the use of fuel wood, could reduce the nature reserve pressure from the consumption of farmers'energy. The government should support these areas where have good conditions to use clean energy like solar and biogas. (2) With the need of ecological service increasing, ecological service has become the dominant function in the area of forestry. The governments should intensify the devotion to nature reserve, especially to the internal residents, should carry out the ecological emigration to slow down the pressure of nature reserve management from life energy consumption.(3) We should innovate the nature reserve management system constantly, establish management institution between nature reserves and communities, strengthen the communication and coordination between nature reserves and the surrounding communities, and effectively reduce the contradictions and conflicts between nature reserves and the communities.