Research On Export And Productivity Of Chinese Textile Enterprises

New-new trade theory suggests that export enterprises are more productive than non-exporters. The theoretical studies in foreign countries on the relations between firm productivity and export also verified the hypothesis that export growth does not necessarily lead to productivity increase. Research on the relations between exports and productivity is a new hot spot in the field of international trade over a decade. In this paper, the author firstly review its history and development on new-new trade theory from a theoretical point of view, especially empirical research on the relationship between exports and productivity at home and abroad and basic points about empirical evidence. Besides, the author summarizes the development process of China's textile enterprises, the characteristics at each exporting stages and factors on export selections.Domestic empirical research on relations between productivity and export is almost from macro-level or theoretical level, focusing on the national level or provincial perspective, mainly aims at the studies of total manufacturing enterprises. This ignores the heterogeneity of the enterprises from 30 categories of manufacturing industries, which impacts in-depth study and discussion on sub-sector productivity and export performance. To some extent, these conditions undermined the significance on international selection of segmented enterprises under Chinese industrial categories. This article uses the panel data on Chinese textile listed enterprises from 2001-2010, according to total factor productivity model, to test empirically core issue of international academic frontier --- relations between export and productivity of the new-new trade theory.Empirical results in this paper show that productivity and export of textile enterprises have one-way causal relationship, textile exporters have higher productivity than non-exporters in the long term (indicates self-selection effect). But export doesn't lead to productivity growth (no learning from export effect).Besides, productivity and export are investigated causal relationship between two parties after classifying samples from the point of export participation and ownership. From the angles of different export participation, whose divided standard is that three kinds of enterprises over 5 consecutive years of 10%,20%,30% larger in exporting percents. The empirical results show:the enterprises with higher exporting participation have more pronounced self-selection effect in the short and long term. In the long term, productivity and export about exporters with higher exporting participation productivity interlinked with causal relations (have both learning from export and self-selection effects).In the analysis on the samples from the perspective of ownership, non-state-controlled exporters have higher productivity than state-controlled exporting enterprises; non-state enterprises have more productivity advantages than state-controlled enterprises.But the advantage is not very obvious. Productivity growth of non-state-controlled enterprises is relatively stable, which is conducive to long-term development of textile enterprises.State-controlled enterprises and state-controlled exporters have no self-selection effects or learning from exporting effects. Ownership factor impacts exporting options of enterprises. Productivity and export of State-controlled enterprises in the long term show a causal relationship, indicating that export activity will lead to productivity changes of non-state-controlled enterprises besides productivity effects export.The final part of this paper is the conclusions to summarize analyze the empirical results and give recommendations and suggestions on development of textile enterprises.