Study On Government Regulation Of Overfishing In Marine Fisheries

Fishery is an important part of socio-economic, and fishery resources are the basis for the development of fishery. Fishery can provide us with a wide range of source of income:on a global scale, millions of people directly or indirectly get paid in the aquaculture and fishing industrial. In addition to being directly engaged in fishing or aquaculture, fishing-related industries such as fishing vessels construction industry, fishing tackle industry, related equipment industry, aquatic feed industry, aquatic product processing industry and transportation, have also provided quite a lot of jobs. Besides, fishery can provide us with a wide range of nutrient source such as protein, iodine and various vitamins. The proportion of good quality protein can reach 10-20%. The iodine content is 500-1000 microgram per kilogram in ocean fishes and 50-400 microgram per kilogram in freshwater fishes. Fish, especially fish liver are rich in vitamin A and vitamin D. By comparison the fat content is relatively low, which is only 1-10%. Therefore fish is high-protein and low-calorie animal foodstuff, better than poultry and cattle, which can provide nutritional support to body.These sources of income and nutrition are essential to solve the socio-economy and hunger problem.However, China's offshore fishery resources have been seriously damaged, facing the danger of depletion. Investigating the positive and negative effect caused by currently existing regulation policy can be advantageous in improving the currently existing policy, bringing forward new policy and implementing them effectively.The paper firstly starts with theoretical basis, and discusses why marine fishery resources can easily be over-fishing when lack of regulation from there aspects which are tragedy of the commons, externality, and free riding. This theoretical analysis indicates the necessity of government regulation. Secondly, the paper takes the relevant data of Shandong Province in recent years, sets up equations and analyzes the implementation and effect of the "double control" "zero growth" and midsummer moratorium policies. And it finds that different policy has different effect on controlling the amount of fishing and helping the recovery of fishery resources in Shandong Province. These findings can be explained from several aspects such as veracity of the data, efforts of implementation, rationality of the policies and so on. Finally, according to those analyses, this paper provides proposals as following. Firstly, to design and establish complete marine fishing industry indicators, thus proving a reasonable basis for the policies to be evaluated. Secondly, we should improve the veracity of the data to guarantee that the evaluations of policies are reliable. Thirdly, we should enhance the effort to implement the effective policies, improve others and encourage fishermen to develop leisure fishery. Last but not least, we should establish reasonable incentive system to encourage the fishermen to take the initiative in conserve fishery resources. That is the fundamental solution of over-fishing.