From The Game Perspective Of Research On Pricing Of Road Congestion Pricing

With the rapid development of China's urbanization and motorization, urbancongestion phenomenon is becoming increasingly serious, the urban road trafficdemand is more than traffic supply capacity, which gives the city the charm of life tosell at a discount greatly. Traffic congestion problems will not only reduce theoperational efficiency of the city, increase travel costs, but also seriously hinder thedevelopment of urban economy, and constrains as a bottleneck of the economicdevelopment of China.The traffic congestion problem has caused widespread concernin society, became an imperative an urgent need to solve the problem.The immediate cause of traffic congestion is that the supply capacity of the roadscan not keep up the rapid increase of the traffic, but simply to satisfy all the needs,increase the construction of roads, will eventually fall into the building-the increaseddemand-a vicious cycle of re-building, will only lead to deeper contradictions. Theincrease of the traditional method of road construction has been unable to solve thecurrent problem of heavy traffic.This paper analyzes the economic attributes of the road, analyzes the essentialreason of traffic generated, expounds the connotation of traffic congestion externality,analyzes the traffic congestion charges of the economics based on marginal costtheory, and quantitative analysis of traffic congestion exterior cost of component parts,proposes to implement the congestion pricing is an important economic measures toalleviate traffic congestion.The paper also reorganized this stage theoretical model of congestion pricingtheory at home and abroad, summed up the advantages and disadvantages of theoptimal pricing method and the second-best pricing, analyzed the behaviors ofgovernment and travelers of a single road during peak hours at the game point of view,found out the relationship of function among the government control target, crowdedtax price, travel cost and early travel probability, and explained with the calculation example. In addition, this paper also used Stan Cole's model and the principal-agentmodel to analyze the behaviors of multiple paths of travelers, proved the feasibility ofthe model with an example.The government made the right crowded tax prices should fully consider the roadtraffic flow, the goal of control flow, and the probability travelers traveling inadvance. Only crowded tax the price was reasonable, can we get the good results ofthe traffic condition.